面向磨削主轴的间隙式密封性能分析  

Study on the Clearance Seal Performance Oriented to Grinding Spindle

作　　者：余常武[1] 谢瑛 张俊[1] 赵万华[1] 

机构地区：[1]西安交通大学机械制造系统工程国家重点实验室,陕西西安710049 [2]陕西秦川机械发展股份有限公司,陕西宝鸡721008

出　　处：《润滑与密封》2013年第6期35-42,共8页Lubrication Engineering

基　　金：国家科技重大专项(2011ZX04016-031)

摘　　要：针对磨削主轴间隙式密封不易实现对外部介质密封的问题,利用典型间隙式主轴密封结构,结合实际磨削工况分析主轴静止状态下密封结构各个特征对介质的耗能机制,以及主轴旋转状态下径向间隙和轴向间隙的密封特性;利用数值方法对2种状态下的密封性能进行分析。结果表明,间隙式密封在静态下通过摩阻耗能作用实现密封,耗能作用取决于结构对流体引起的湍动能、湍流耗散率以及流场的速度梯度;在旋转状态下通过径向间隙产生的离心力实现密封,作用随旋转速度的增大而提高。以此为依据设计和制造一种主轴间隙密封结构用于实际磨削加工进行密封试验,试验结果表明该间隙密封具有好的密封特性,能提高砂轮主轴的寿命。Aiming at the difficulties of clearing external medium in clearance seal of grinding spindle, the typical clearance seal of spindle was utilized to analyze the sealing performance in stationary and rotating state based on the practical grinding conditions. The performances in stationary state were discussed through study on friction losses of the structure ;the sealing characteristics ance. The factors affecting clearance seal of spindle is structure induced turbulent in rotating state were performance were achieved through analyzed presented by by kinematic analysis of medium in radial and axial clearnumerical simulation in two states. The results show that the friction losses in stationary state while energy consumption mainly depends on kinetic energy, turbulent dissipation rate and velocity gradient in flow; the seal performance depends on centrifugal force caused by radial clearance in rotating state and it is improved with the increase of the rotation speed. A clearance seal of spindle designed and machined based on the above analysis was used for the actual grinding sealing test. The test results show that the clearance seal has good seal performances and can increase the life of grinding spindle.

关 键 词：主轴密封 间隙 摩阻耗能 离心力 

分 类 号：TH136[机械工程—机械制造及自动化]