黄河三角洲大汶流自然保护区的土地利用与岸线变化分析  

Analysis of Land Use and Shoreline Changes at the Dawenliu Nature Reserve of Yellow River Delta Based on Remote Sensing

作　　者：赵广明[1,2] 叶思源[1,2] 高茂生[1,2] 丁喜桂[1,2] 袁红明[1,2] 王锦[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]中国地质调查局滨海湿地重点实验室,青岛266071 [2]国土资源部海洋油气资源与环境地质重点实验室,青岛266071

出　　处：《地球信息科学学报》2013年第3期408-414,共7页Journal of Geo-information Science

基　　金：大地调项目(1212010611402);国土资源部公益性行业基金(201111023);国土资源部海洋油气资源与环境地质重点实验室基金项目(MRE2012030);海洋地质保障工程项目(GZH201200503)

摘　　要：本文选择黄河三角洲大汶流自然保护区为研究对象,以多时相遥感影像,对土地利用类型进行解译分析。同时,以平均低潮线作为分析基线,提取海岸线变化信息。结果表明:1996-2009年研究区面积净增13.35km2。各种土地利用类型中滩涂所占面积最大,养殖池所占比例最小,但增幅明显。芦苇地面积后期增长迅速,指示研究区生态环境趋向转好。自然因素(黄河来水来沙量)和人类活动(黄河调水调沙工程,湿地恢复工程,滩涂规模开发以及人类开垦造田)是研究区土地利用类型变化的直接驱动力。1976-2009年研究区海岸净造陆面积217.14km2,沙嘴变幅为29.2km。黄河入海水沙量和滨海区的海洋潮流条件共同影响着海岸线的变迁。By the support of remote sensing （RS） and geographic information system （GIS） technology, Dawenliu Nature Reserve of Yellow River Delta （YRD） was picked as the study objective, which is located at Dongying City of Shandong Province. The multi-temporal Landsat images were used as the data source, which were registered to the high precision GIS database, matched each other and with the database, and all the images have the same coordinate system. Four corrected images （1996/2000/2005/2009） were used for land use interpretation, and seven images （1976/1981/1986/1996/2000/2005/2009） were extracted for the information shoreline change, regarding mean low tide level as the analysis baseline. The results show that the land area increased 13.35km2 from 1996-2009. Tidal flat made up the largest proportion in all the land use types and culture ponds were the smallest, which significantly increased. The reed area rapidly increased during the late period, which indicated that eco-environment trended to get better. Coast was divided into siltation coast, erosion coast and steady coast. From 1976 to 2009, 373.92km2 was silted, 156.78 km2 eroded, and net accretion area was 217.14km2. Both the natural factors, such as Yellow River zero flow, and human activities, such as Yellow River water and sediment regulation project, wetland restoration projects, tidal flat development and the construction of a large number of farms, had rendered big influence on the distribution of land use types in the study area. Meanwhile, runoff and sediment of Yellow River and ocean dynamic worked together to change shoreline. Therefore, combing the data of runoff and sediment of Yellow River, tide and ocean dynamic, comprehensive analysis on shoreline evolution will be an important focus in future. Temporal and spatial variation of land use and shoreline evolution interacted each other, so linkage mechanism between healthy assess of land use and shoreline change will be a basic monitoring content of the nature reserve in future.

关 键 词：黄河三角洲大汶流自然保护区 遥感 土地利用 海岸线变化 

分 类 号：F301.2[经济管理—产业经济] X36[环境科学与工程—环境工程]