一种季铵盐的杀菌活性及对空气现场消毒效果观察  

OBSERVATION ON BACTERICIDAL ACTIVITY AND FIELD DISINFECTION EFFICACY OF INDOOR AIR USING THE QUATERNARY AMMONIUM COMPOUND

作　　者：苏裕心[1] 任哲[1] 魏秋华[1] 武雪冰[1] 宋世佩 陈晨 高志丹 张文福[1] 

机构地区：[1]军事医学科学院疾病预防控制所,北京100071 [2]第二炮兵防护防疫环境监测队

出　　处：《中国消毒学杂志》2013年第5期422-425,共4页Chinese Journal of Disinfection

基　　金：总后勤部卫生部应用基础研究项目(CWS11J202)

摘　　要：目的研究一种第四代季铵盐消毒剂的杀菌活性,并观察其对空气现场消毒的效果。方法采用最小抑菌浓度(MIC)试验、最小杀菌浓度(MBC)试验和悬液定量杀菌试验方法观察该消毒剂的杀菌活性,用安德森采样器和气溶胶喷雾器法对室内空气进行现场消毒效果观察。结果该季铵盐消毒剂对大肠杆菌和金黄色葡萄球菌的MIC值分别为8.0mg/L和1.0mg/L,MBC值均为8.0mg/L～16.0mg/L;对白色念珠菌的MIC值和MBC值均为32mg/L。用128mg/L该季铵盐消毒液对悬液内金黄色葡萄球菌作用1.5min,杀灭对数值>5.0;用256mg/L的该消毒液对悬液内大肠杆菌作用4.5min,杀灭对数值>5.0,对白色念珠菌作用3min,杀灭对数值>4.0。用浓度为1000mg/L的该季铵盐消毒剂以10ml/m3用量进行气溶胶喷雾密闭作用30min,对室内空气中自然菌的消除率>90%。结论该季铵盐消毒剂对细菌繁殖体和真菌都具有较强的杀灭活性,对空气中自然菌也能达到很好的消毒效果。Objective To know the disinfection - related properties and to observe indoor air disinfection efficacy of the fourthgeneration quaternary ammonium compound（QAC）. Methods Bactericidal activity of the QAC was evaluated by minimum inhibitory concentration （ MIC ） test, minimum bactericidal concentration （ MBC ） test and suspension quantitative germicidal test. Its field disinfection efficacy was observed by using Anderson sampler and aerosol spray. Results The MIC values of the QAC for Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus were 8. 0 mg/L and 1.0 mg/L respectively, and the MBC values were both 8.0 mg/L - 16.0 mg/L. The MIC values and MBC values of the QAC for Candida albicans were the same as 32 mg/L. The average killing logarithm values of Staphylococcus aureus in suspension exposed to 128 mg/L QAC solution for 1.5 min was 〉 5. 0. And which of Escherichia coli exposed to 256 mg/L QAC solution for 4. 5 min was 〉 5.0, while that of Candida albicans for 3.0 min was 〉 4. 0. It was observed in experiment that aerosol spray of 1 000 mg/L QAC solution at a dosage of 10 ml/m3 for 30 min in a closed room eliminated over 90% of natural bacteria in air. Conclusions The QAC can kill vegetative forms of bacteria and Candida albicans effectively, and can effectively eliminate over 90% of natural bacteria in indoor air with aerosol spray of 1 000 mg/L QAC solution.

关 键 词：季铵盐 消毒剂 空气消毒 杀菌活性 

分 类 号：R187.1[医药卫生—流行病学]