不一致问题与论辩逻辑  

Problems of Inconsistency and Argumentation Logics

作　　者：廖备水[1] 黄华新[1] 

机构地区：[1]浙江大学哲学系,浙江杭州310028

出　　处：《学术月刊》2013年第6期64-69,共6页Academic Monthly

摘　　要：作为传统非单调逻辑的继承和发展,论辩逻辑(又称为"抽象论辩理论"、"形式论辩"等)提供了一种处理不一致问题的一般机制。它运用抽象的论证和攻击关系来刻画不一致情境中各种推理系统所共有的冲突处理逻辑结构,并通过建立具有一般意义的评价标准(称为"论辩语义")来定义论证集合的可接受性。这两个特点使得论辩逻辑对解决不一致情境中的推理问题具有普遍适用性:首先,由于论证状态的评估只与论证之间的攻击关系有关,底层知识的类别、来源、表示语言和表示方法等可以多种多样;第二,论辩语义所对应的评价标准适用于各种具体应用;第三,论辩逻辑既可以支持单主体的认识推理和实践推理,也可以支持多个主体间交互时的推理(如说服、争论、协商等)。当前,论辩逻辑研究领域的重点是论辨语义的定义和求解方法、论辩逻辑的实例化方法以及论辩逻辑的应用等。As a development of classical nonmonotoiuc logic,argumentation logic（also called abstract argumentation theory, and formal argumentation, etc. ） provides a general mechanism to handle the problems of inconsistency in various situations. It captures the common properties of various reasoning systems in a context of disagreement by using abstract arguments and attack relations, and defines the acceptability of arguments by establishing general evaluation criteria （called argumentation semantics ）. This makes argumentation logic generally applicable to various situations. First, since the evaluation of the status of arguments is only related to the attack relations among them, the types, origins, representation languages and methods, of underlying knowledge, are allowed to be diverse. Second, the evaluation criteria corresponding to certain argumentation semantics are suitable to various applications. Third, argumentation logic not only supports the episternic reasoning and the practical reasoning of individual agents, but also supports the reasoning in the process of multiagent interaction （e. g. , persuasion, disputation, negotiation, etc）. Currently, the emphasis of the research of argumentation logic is on the definitions and computational methods of argumentation semantics, the instantiation approaches of argumentation semantics, and the applications of argumentation semantics, etc.

关 键 词：论辩逻辑 不一致性 非单调逻辑 

分 类 号：B81[哲学宗教—逻辑学]