海南岛的海涂土壤及其开发利用  

STUDY ON BEACH SOIL AND ITS DEVELOPMENTAL USE OF HAINAN ISLAND IN CHINA

作　　者：张希然 

机构地区：[1]广东省土壤研究所

出　　处：《地理研究》1991年第4期68-76,共9页Geographical Research

摘　　要：根据调查资料和采样分析,作者划分海南岛海涂土壤类型,并就机械组成、养分含量、盐渍化程度、粘土矿物组成等方面阐述海涂土壤特征。根据海涂土壤的性质及其生态环境特征进行开发利用,宜以海水养殖和晒盐为主,其中海水养殖可分为8个区。The beach soils of intertidal zone and its immediate neighbourhood above negative 5 m bathymetric line in Hainan Island have an area about 1.35×105ha, The beach soils are classified into one greatgroup, three subgroups and seven genera. Because the vegetation is poor and mineral nutrients 'such as phosphorus and manganese in -parent materials resulted from the island is low in the teach land, therefore, the contents of organic matter, nitrogen and phosphorus are low and contents of microelement such as Cu, Zn and Mn are lower than mean levels of soil in China, The salinity of soils varies greatly with ttxture of soils and total salinity of sea water and ranges from 1.2% (sandy tidal flat soil) to 4.1% (muddy tidal flat soil) ,The light and heat resources are comparatively rich and rainfall is relatively abundant with obvious dry season. The surfaces of beaches are considerably flat and stable. It is good for the development of marieulture, solar salts and tourism. But beaches which suit to reclamation by embankment are sparse because soil salinity is too high and land sutface water is not sufficient. It is classified into eight marieulture areas according to the characteristics of beach soils and biological combination. The aolar salts is mainly in the southwestern coast because of strong wind, high salinity of seawater and prevalence of muddy and sandy mnd tidal flat soils. In geenral, the developmental prospect of the area is very promising.

关 键 词：海涂 土壤 海南 开发 海水 养殖 

分 类 号：P74[天文地球—海洋科学]