基于齐口裂腹鱼游泳能力的竖缝式鱼道流态塑造研究  

Study of Creating Vertical Slot Fishway flow Field Based on Swimming Ability of Schizothorax Prenanti

作　　者：傅菁菁[1,2] 李嘉[1] 安瑞冬[1] 毛熹[1] 易文敏[1] 

机构地区：[1]四川大学水力学与山区河流开发保护国家重点实验室,四川成都610065 [2]中国水电顾问集团华东勘测设计研究院,浙江杭州310014

出　　处：《四川大学学报（工程科学版）》2013年第3期12-17,共6页Journal of Sichuan University (Engineering Science Edition)

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(50979063)

摘　　要：针对鱼道内流态难以满足目标鱼类洄游需求的问题,以大渡河流域种群数量最多的珍稀鱼种齐口裂腹鱼为例,通过在环型水槽进行的游泳能力测试建立其流速指标,依靠数值模拟和物理模型试验研究,提出可以塑造出该指标流态的鱼道结构型式与布置方式。结果表明:3维标准k-ε紊流模型耦合VOF两相流处理自由表面来模拟鱼道流场方法可以满足研究需求。鱼池最大流速出现在竖缝后主流跌水的末端,而当竖缝尺寸根据目标鱼类体型确定后,对鱼池内流态影响最大的因素为鱼道坡度,本案例中齐口裂腹鱼适应的鱼道坡度应缓于2.6%。To solve the problem that the flow pattern was in contradiction with the demand of fish, the fish passage structure was studied. Taking the rare species Scldzothorax Prenanti living in the Dadu River as an example,an velocity index system was established to describe the fish＇ s swimming ability by using a series of annular flume tests, and a feasible structure and layout of fishway for creating flow pattern were proposed by analyzing numerical simulation and physical model data. The results showed that the three-dimensional k - e turbulence model coupling with the VOF model dealing with free surface problem is feasible to simulate the fishway flow field. The maximum velocity appears at the end of waterfall after the vertical slot,the biggest influences on flow field is the slope of fishway and the Schizothorax Prenanti is adapted to the slope of fishway less than 2.6%.

关 键 词：齐口裂腹鱼 游泳能力 竖缝式鱼道 流态塑造 

分 类 号：TV135[水利工程—水力学及河流动力学]