柴油挥发及可爆蒸气云形成问题的试验研究  

Experimental Study into Diesel Volatilization and Explosive Vapor Cloud Formation

作　　者：王凯全[1] 王学友[1] 疏小勇[1] 顾涛[1] 

机构地区：[1]常州大学环境与安全工程学院

出　　处：《中国安全科学学报》2013年第4期63-67,共5页China Safety Science Journal

基　　金：国家"十二五"科技支撑计划项目(2011BAK03B08)

摘　　要：在自主研发的液态烃类挥发及扩散试验平台上,检测在密闭条件下,温度分别为30,60,90和120℃时,开杯中柴油挥发的速率,以及距液面上方0.4,0.8,1.2和1.6 m处挥发蒸气云中柴油体积分数变化。结果表明:柴油挥发量随温度的升高而增加;距液面各高度处的蒸气云中柴油的体积分数均随挥发时间呈上升趋势,并经一定时间达到最大值,液气两相逐渐趋于平衡;液面上方约0.8 m处存在一个柴油体积分数峰值,温度升高时,该处最先达到爆炸限并向上下扩展。依据试验结果,推导出蒸气云中柴油的体积分数与挥发量的函数关系;并得出柴油挥发量和液面上方蒸气云中柴油的体积分数达到爆炸限的时间与温度的函数关系。In order to observe the formation and distribution of explosive vapor cloud, the volatilization rates of diesel in the open up cup at temperatures of 30,60,90 and 120 ~C were measured, using an exper- imental platform of liquid hydrocarbons volatilization and diffusion made by the authors and their colleagues, Meanwhile, the diesel volume fractions in the vapor clouds at points 0.4, 0.8, 1.2 and 1.6 m above the liquid level were also measured under the closed condition. The results show that diesel oil volat- ilization increases as temperature increases; the diesel volume fractions in the vapor cloud increase with time and reach the maximum value while getting two-phase of liquid and gas equilibrium, and that the peaks of the diesel volume fractions appear at about 0.8 m above the level regardless of the temperature, where explosion limit is achieved firstly and then the explosion area expands while the temperature increa- ses continually. Based on the experimental results, volatilization, that between diesel volatilization and cloud to reach the explosion limit were derived. the functional relation between the vapor cloud and the temperature, and that between the time for the

关 键 词：柴油 扩散 挥发量 蒸气云 爆炸 

分 类 号：X932[环境科学与工程—安全科学]