不同耐阴性玉米雌穗幼穗分化对遮荫胁迫的反应差异  

Reactive Difference of Ear Panicle Initiation of Different Shade Tolerances Maize to Shading Stress

作　　者：史振声[1] 黄海皎[1] 钟雪梅[1] 

机构地区：[1]沈阳农业大学特种玉米研究所,沈阳110866

出　　处：《玉米科学》2013年第3期57-60,共4页Journal of Maize Sciences

基　　金：国家科技攻关计划(2011BAD16B12);辽宁省农业攻关计划(2008201001)

摘　　要：以易空秆和不易空秆的成对近等基因系沈农98A、沈农98B和易发生空秆的玉米杂交种D90、不易发生空秆的品种郑单958为试材,在田间种植条件下,通过人工遮荫方法进行不同强度的光照胁迫处理,研究不同耐阴性材料雌穗幼穗分化对光胁迫的反应差异。结果表明,不同耐阴性材料在遮荫胁迫下雌穗幼穗发育均受到很大影响,但不同耐阴性材料之间差异很大。易空秆的杂交种及自交系在轻度胁迫下,D90幼穗长度减少38.2%,结穗率减少17.0个百分点;沈农98A幼穗长度减少35.8%,结穗率降低78.7个百分点。与杂交种相比,自交系的反应更为敏感,在38%遮荫胁迫下,沈农98A与沈农98B的幼穗长、结穗率、穗行数、行粒数和败育率产生明显差异;郑单958与D90在60%遮荫胁迫下幼穗长和结穗率差异开始明显,其他性状在75%遮荫胁迫下才有明显区别。Reactive Difference of ear panicle initiation of different shade tolerance maize to shading stress were studied under the different intensities of illumination stress by methods of artificial shading in the field using prone-to-empty stalk hybrid D90, non-prone-to-empty stalk hybrid Zhengdan958 and a pair of prone-to-empty stalk and non-prone-to-empty stalk near-isogenic lines Shennong98A and Shennong98B as test materials. The re- suits showed that ear panicle development of different shade tolerance materials were all greatly affected by shade stress, but there were significant differences among the different shade tolerance materials. Under the mild stress, young panicle size and spike rate of D90 respectively reduced by 38.2% and 17.0 percentage, while Shennong98A respectively reduced by 35.8% and 78.7 percentage. Inbred lines were more sensitive compared with hybrids. Length of young panicle, spike rate, rows per ear, kernels per row and abortion rate of Shennong98A and Shennong98B were significantly different under 38% shade stress, while length of young panicle and spike rate of Zhengdan958 and D90 differed obviously under 60%, shade stress and other traits began to differ under 75% shade stress.

关 键 词：玉米 近等基因系 遮荫胁迫 雌穗分化 

分 类 号：S513.01[农业科学—作物学]