深松与播期对玉米冠层结构及产量性状的影响  

Effects of Subsoiling and Sowing Dates on Canopy Structure and Yield in Maize

作　　者：于吉琳[1] 齐华[1] 张振平[2] 张卫建[3] 刘明[1] 刘颖[1] 唐建华[1] 林志强[1] 

机构地区：[1]沈阳农业大学农学院,沈阳110866 [2]沈阳市农业科学院,沈阳110034 [3]中国农业科学院作物研究所,北京100081

出　　处：《玉米科学》2013年第3期94-99,共6页Journal of Maize Sciences

基　　金：国家"十二五"科技支撑计划(2011BAD16B14;2012BAD04B03);国家"973"重点基础研究发展计划(2009CB1186-1-5);公益性行业(农业)科研专项经费(200803028-01)

摘　　要：通过深松和播期对玉米冠层结构的调控,分析深松与旋耕条件下不同播期群体冠层结构特点,明确塑造高产群体冠层结构的耕作方式及适宜播期。采用裂区设计,主区耕法设2个水平(深松与旋耕),副区播期设3个水平(4月25日、5月10日和5月25日),研究深松与不同播期对玉米冠层结构及产量性状的影响。结果表明,深松可适当延长玉米生育进程,对玉米植株形态、叶面积指数(LAI)、群体光合势(LAD)、干物质积累特征参数及产量的影响均表现为深松>旋耕(CK);播期处理间其冠层结构、产量及产量构成因素存在显著差异,表现为早播>中播>晚播;随着播期推迟,早播(4月25日)产量较5月10日、5月25日分别提高3.61%和43.38%。说明深松条件下早播利于群体形成合理的冠层结构,可有效提高玉米产量。According to the regulate and control of canopy structure characters of deep loosening and rotary subsoiling and sowing dates on canopy structure in maize, tillage canopy structure of cultivation methods and suitable seeding ment. In order to study the effect of subsoiling and rotary in different sowing dates were analyzed and molding dates in high yield population were clarified in the experitillage sowing dates on maize. Two levels were assigned to the main plot（April 25^th, May 10^th and May 25^th）, in a split plot design. on canopy structure and yield performance in different plot（subsoiling and rotary tillage） and three to the sub- The results showed that deep loosening could delay the growth process of maize appropriately, and the effect of plant morphological, leaf area index（LAI） characteristic param- eter, group photosynthetic potential（LAD）, the maximum of dry matter accumulation characteristic parameter and yield were all showed that subsoiling was higher than rotary tillage; while there were significant difference of canopy structure, yield and yield component among sowing dates, which manifested as early sowing 〉 medium sowing 〉 late sowing. Compared May 10^th to May 25^th, yield of early sowing（April 25^th） increased 6.25% and 42.94% respectively with the sowing date delayed. Population structure was reasonable in the condition of deep loosening and early sowing. The result showed that subsoiling was beneficial to form reasonable canopy and increasing the yield of maize effectively.

关 键 词：玉米 播期 深松 冠层结构 产量 

分 类 号：S513.047[农业科学—作物学]