Asperger综合征儿童的智力结构与临床症状  

Relation of intelligence structural to clinical symptoms in children with Asperger syndrome

作　　者：王惠[1] 静进[1] 金宇[1] 刘步云[1] 王馨[1] 

机构地区：[1]中山大学公共卫生学院妇幼卫生系,广州510080

出　　处：《中国心理卫生杂志》2013年第6期440-444,共5页Chinese Mental Health Journal

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(81172687);教育部博士点基金(20110171110053)

摘　　要：目的:探讨Asperger综合征(Asperger syndrome,AS)儿童的智力结构特点及其智力合成指数与其临床症状的相关关系。方法:采用国内修订韦氏儿童智力量表第4版(Wechsler Intelligence Scalefor Children-Fourth Edition,WISC-IV)对27例符合美国精神障碍诊断与统计手册第4版的AS儿童和年龄、性别匹配的27名正常儿童进行测试,由AS儿童家长填写AS筛查量表以评估其临床症状。结果:AS组在总智商[(96.1±12.0)vs.(105.6±9.4)]、知觉推理指数[(100.4±13.6)vs.(108.9±11.2)]、工作记忆指数[(92.3±10.0)vs.(97.9±9.9)]、加工速度指数[(92.2±11.5)vs.(107.4±12.8)]、认知效率指数[(90.8±9.3)vs.(102.3±10.6)]均低于正常对照组(均P<0.05)。分测验中AS组在积木[(9.7±3.4)vs.(12.3±2.6)]、背数[(7.9±1.9)vs.(9.0±1.9)]、译码[(8.2±2.2)vs.(11.3±3.0)]、符号检索[(9.2±2.6)vs.(11.6±2.5)]的得分低于对照组(P<0.05)。AS的智力合成指数与其临床症状未发现具有相关关系(r=0.34～0.63,均P>0.05)。结论:AS组智力水平在正常范围但低于正常对照组,AS儿童存在着一般认知能力高于认知效率的认知模式,AS儿童的智力合成指数与其临床症状的关系有待进一步研究。Objective： To analyze the intelligence structure characteristics in Asperger syndrome （AS） chil- dren and to explore the relation between intelligence composite index with clinic syndrome. Methods： Totally 54 children were selected, including 27 children who were diagnosed as AS according to the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fouth Edition （ DSM- IV） criteria and 27 control children. The two groups children were assessed with the Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children-Fourth Edition and in the AS group, the Asperger Syndrome Screening Scale was filled by the parents of AS children to assess their clinical symptoms. Results： The AS group scored lower in the full scale intelligence quotient [ （96. 1 ± 12. 0） vs. （105.6± 9.4）, P 〈 0. 05], percep- tual reasoning index [ （ 100.4±13.6） vs. （ 108.9± 11.2）, P 〈 0. 05], working memory index [ （92. 3 ± 10. 0） vs. （97.9 ± 9. 9）, P 〈 0. 05], processing speed index [ （92. 2 ± 11.5） vs. （ 107.4± 12. 8）, P 〈 0. 05] and cognitive pro- ficiency index [（90.8 ±9.3） vs. （ 102. 3 ±10. 6）, P 〈0. 05]. Among the 10 core subsets, AS children scored lower than control children in block design [ （9. 7 ± 3.4） vs. （ 12. 3 ± 2. 6）, P 〈 0. 05], digit span [ （7. 9 ± 1.9） vs. （9. 0 ± 1. 9）, P 〈0. 05] , coding [（8.2±2.2） vs.（ll.3＋3.0）,P〈0,05] and symbol search [（9.2±2.6） vs.（11.6± 2.5）, P 〈 0. 05]. There was no canonical correlation between intelligence composite indexes and the scores of clini- cal symptoms（ r = 0. 34 -0. 63, Ps 〉 0. 05）. Conclusion： Children with AS may have the normal general ability, but lower than the normal. AS children may display a cognitive profile that is general ability index is better than cogni- tive proficiency index. Further studies investigating the relationship between clinical symptoms and intelligence com- posite indexes are needed.

关 键 词：ASPERGER综合征 智力 认知特点 执行功能 横断面研究 

分 类 号：R179[医药卫生—妇幼卫生保健] R749.93[医药卫生—公共卫生与预防医学]