“零抢跑”规则对优秀短跑运动员起跑反应时间的影响  

Effect of no false rule on the start reaction time of elite sprinters

作　　者：金庆红[1] 

机构地区：[1]安徽工程大学学体育学院,安徽芜湖241000

出　　处：《安徽工程大学学报》2013年第2期88-91,共4页Journal of Anhui Polytechnic University

摘　　要：通过对参加柏林(2009)与大邱(2011)世界田径锦标赛的短跑(男女100m各90、85人)与跨栏(男女110m、100m栏各69人)运动员,在规则改变前后两届大赛的各轮次比赛成绩(Performance Time,PT)与起跑RT进行对比分析,以及对同时参加两届比赛的运动员在新旧规则下的起跑反应时间(Reaction Time,RT)进行比较.探讨"零抢跑"规则对优秀短跑运动员RT的影响.结果显示,"零抢跑"规则使短跑与跨栏运动员的起跑RT显著增加;RT受年龄、性别、疲劳、注意力、智力等多种因素的影响;起跑RT通过运动时间(Move-ment Time,MT)影响总反应时间(Total Response Time,TRT),从而达到控制比赛的目的.The aim of this study was to determine whether the no false start rule affects the start reaction time（RT） of world-class sprinters. The performance times（PT） and RTs of sprinters（90 men and 85 women in 100 m） and hurdlers （69 men in 110 mH and 69 women in 100 mH）competed in Bolin and Daegu World Championships in Athletics were analysed. Meanwhile,the start RTs of those athletes who competed both in Bolin（old rule） and Daegu（new rule） were also compared. The results indicated that there was a tendency of shortening start RT from heats to final. There was significant difference between two competitions（P〈0.05） ,and on average, a slower reaction time in Daegu compared to Bolin. Start RT of sprinters increased by no false start rule. There were many factors influencing RT like age,gender,fatigue,attention,intelligence etc. Start RT influenced total response time（TRT）through movement time （MT） ,thus the competition being controlled.

关 键 词：零抢跑规则 优秀短跑运动员 反应时间 

分 类 号：G804.22[文化科学—运动人体科学]