沉底装药水中爆炸现象的实验研究  

Experimental investigation on loading characteristics of underwater explosion from a bottom charge

作　　者：杨莉[1] 汪玉[1] 汪斌[2] 黄超[2] 

机构地区：[1]海军装备研究院,北京100161 [2]中国工程物理研究院流体物理研究所冲击波物理与爆轰物理重点实验室,四川绵阳621900

出　　处：《爆炸与冲击》2013年第2期175-180,共6页Explosion and Shock Waves

基　　金：中国博士后科学基金面上基金项目(20100471810);中国博士后科学基金特别项目(201104773)

摘　　要：为获得沉底装药水中爆炸冲击波传播和气泡运动的一般规律,设计开展了沉底装药水中爆炸原理性实验,通过观测记录装药沉底爆炸作用过程,并与装药自由场水中爆炸进行对比分析,得到主要结论:沉底装药水中爆炸存在冲击波水底反射、气泡运动形成水底射流等复杂的载荷效应;沉底爆炸气泡呈半球形依附在水底并同时急剧膨胀,其在收缩运动中连带水底介质颗粒迅速上浮,同时,气泡形状在水底射流作用下发生显著变化;沉底爆炸冲击波压力呈指数衰减规律,无明显二次压力波,但由于水底介质作用而形成较强的水底反射冲击波,一般使得迭加后的冲击波峰值压力高于入射波阵面压力。To investigate the shock wave propagation and the bubble motion of underwater explosion from a bottom charge, principle experiments of underwater explosion were conducted in a water tank. High-speed cameras were used to capture the gas bubble formation and collapse, and pressure trans- ducers to record pressure time histories at several locations. Compared with the loading characteristics of the free-field underwater explosion, some conclusions were obtained. Underwater explosion from a bottom charge has a series complex loading effects： shock wave reflection, bubble sharp expansion, bubble jetting, and so on. Due to the bottom influence, the bubble shape and bubble migration are significantly different from those of the free field underwater explosion, and the shock wave propaga- tion takes on an exponential decay, but has not the second pressure wave. For the points near the bot tom of the water tank, the incident wave can be strengthened by the shock wave reflected from the bottom.

关 键 词：爆炸力学 水下爆炸 气泡 沉底装药 冲击波 

分 类 号：O383.1[理学—流体力学]