丛枝菌根真菌对植物耐旱性的影响研究进展  

Effects of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi on plant drought tolerance: Research progress

作　　者：张中峰[1,2] 张金池[1] 黄玉清[2] 杨慧[3] 罗亚进[2] 罗艾滢[2] 

机构地区：[1]南京林业大学森林资源与环境学院,南京210037 [2]广西壮族自治区/中国科学院广西植物研究所,广西桂林541006 [3]国土资源部、广西岩溶动力学重点实验室(中国地质科学院岩溶地质研究所),广西桂林541004

出　　处：《生态学杂志》2013年第6期1607-1612,共6页Chinese Journal of Ecology

基　　金：广西省自然科学基金项目(2013GXNSFBA019070);国家自然科学基金项目(41172313);国土资源部广西壮族自治区岩溶动力重点实验室开放课题项目(KDL2012-05)资助

摘　　要：丛枝菌根真菌(arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi,AMF)能与植物根系形成互惠共生体,对植物的生长发育和抗逆性有积极的影响,在改善植物水分代谢和提高植物耐旱性中发挥了重要作用。本文综述了近年来AMF与植物水分代谢关系的研究进展,从植物的光合作用、蒸腾与气孔导度、水分利用效率、水力导度、渗透调节、内源激素和抗氧化系统等方面说明AMF对植物水分代谢的影响。从4个方面介绍了AMF提高植物耐旱性的机理:1)菌丝网络增加植物根系吸收范围;2)增强植物保水能力和抗氧化能力;3)稳定和改善土壤团聚体;4)促进植物养分吸收。并提出今后研究需注意的问题和建议。Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi （AMF） can form mutually beneficial symbiont with plant roots, having positive effects on the plant growth and stress resistance, and playing a key role in improving plant water metabolism and drought tolerance. This paper summarized the research progress in the relationships between AMF and plant water metabolism, and discussed the effects of AMF on the plant water metabolism from the aspects of photosynthesis, transpiration and stom- atal conductance, water use efficiency, water conductance, osmotic regulation substances, en- dogenous hormone levels, and antioxidant system. The mechanisms of AMF in improving the plant drought tolerance were introduced, including the extension of root absorption surface through mycelium network, the enhancement of plant the stabilization and improvement of soil aggregation, water retention and antioxidation capacity, and the promotion of host plant nutrient acquisition. Some issues and suggestions needed to be regarded in the related researches were proposed.

关 键 词：菌根 耐旱性 水分代谢 干旱胁迫 渗透调节 

分 类 号：Q945[生物学—植物学]