长株潭城市群秋季大气颗粒物及其重金属元素污染特征  

Study on the Pollution Characteristics of Atmospheric Particles and Heavy Matals in Autumn in Chang-Zhu-Tan Metropolitan Area

作　　者：杨晴[1,2] 张凯[2] 柴发合[2] 李倦生[3] 周广柱[1] 郑子龙[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]山东科技大学化学与环境工程学院,山东青岛266590 [2]中国环境科学研究院,环境基准与风险评估国家重点实验室,北京100012 [3]长沙环境保护职业技术学院,湖南长沙410004

出　　处：《环境科学研究》2013年第6期590-597,共8页Research of Environmental Sciences

基　　金：国家环境保护公益性行业科研专项(201109005);国家自然科学基金项目(41205093)

摘　　要：为研究长株潭城市群大气颗粒物及典型元素污染特征,于2011年11月在长沙、株洲、湘潭三地采集TSP和PM10样品,同期在北京进行采样,以分析颗粒物及其中重金属元素(Cr、Cd、Hg、Pb和As)质量浓度的分布特征.结果表明:秋季长沙、株洲、湘潭三地的ρ(TSP)均低于北京,背景点(长沙沙坪站)最低,为(110±48)μgm3.株洲ρ(PM10)与北京相近,略高于湘潭和长沙,但背景点ρ(PM10)仍为最低.ρ(PM10)ρ(TSP)在70.26%～95.80%之间,平均值为85.90%.长株潭城市群的ρ(Cr)、ρ(Hg)、ρ(As)、ρ(Cd)和ρ(Pb)在TSP中分别为37.7～60.7、0.2～1.5、22.7～92.0、4.2～36.8和142.9～508.3 ngm3,在PM10中相应分别为20.4～33.5、0.1～1.0、20.6～74.2、3.8～31.9和126.1～432.4 ngm3.长株潭城市群各采样点Cd在TSP和PM10中的富集因子均最大,分别为475.8～4 690.7和840.5～7 489.8;其次为Hg、Pb和As;Cr的富集因子在TSP和PM10中分别为7.8～33.3和9.1～33.6,均为最小.To understand the pollution characteristics of atmospheric particles and heavy metals in Chang-Zhu-Tan metropolitan area,TSP and PM10 samples were collected in Changsha,Zhuzhou and Xiangtan in November 2011.Sampling was also concurrently conducted in Beijing for comparison of the concentrations of TSP and PM10.The concentrations of heavy metals（Cr,Cd,Hg,Pb and As） in both TSP and PM10 samples were measured.Results showed that the average TSP concentrations in Changsha,Zhuzhou and Xiangtan were all less than that in Beijing,with the lowest concentration [（110±48） μg/m3] in the background site（Shaping station,Changsha）.The average concentration of PM10 in Zhuzhou was similar to that in Beijing,but slightly higher than those in Changsha and Xiangtan.The lowest concentration of PM10 also occurred in the background site,Shaping station of Changsha.The average ratio of ρ（PM10）/ρ（TSP） was 85.90%,ranging from 70.26% to 95.80%.Concerning heavy metals,the ρ（Cr）,ρ（Hg）,ρ（As）,ρ（Cd） and ρ（Pb） were 37.7-60.7,0.2-1.5,22.7-92.0,4.2-36.8 and 142.9-508.3 ng/m3,respectively,in TSP samples,while they were 20.4-33.5,0.1-1.0,20.6-74.2,3.8-31.9 and 126.1-432.4 ng/m3,in PM10 samples,in Changsha,Zhuzhou and Xiangtan respectively.The enrichment factor of Cd was the highest（475.8-4690.7,840.5-7489.8 in TSP and PM10）,followed by Hg,Pb,and As,while that of Cr was the lowest（7.8-33.3,9.1-33.6 in TSP and PM10） among heavy metals.

关 键 词：大气颗粒物 重金属 污染特征 富集因子 长株潭城市群 

分 类 号：X51[环境科学与工程—环境工程]