工作场所集中空调通风系统从业人员健康状况研究  

Health Status of Employees Working in the Workplaces with Centralized Air-conditioning System

作　　者：吴浩生[1] 殷道根[2] 仇君[2] 杜玉开[2] 卓菲[1] 章明辉[1] 林奕嘉[1] 

机构地区：[1]深圳市罗湖区疾病预防控制中心,广东深圳518020 [2]华中科技大学同济医学院公共卫生学院儿少卫生与妇幼保健学系

出　　处：《实用预防医学》2013年第6期714-716,共3页Practical Preventive Medicine

基　　金：深圳市科技计划项目(项目号:201102118)

摘　　要：目的通过对安装有集中空调通风系统工作场所从业人员的健康调查,从而了解工作场所从业人员不良症状的发生情况,并比较不同工作场所从业人员不良症状的发生特点。方法随机抽取深圳市区11家安装有集中空调通风系统的工作场所,并对其从业人员发放调查问卷,问卷主要内容包括基本情况、一般症状、眼睛症状、呼吸道症状、皮肤症状。结果①女性在空调环境下相关不良症状的发生率显著高于男性(P<0.05);②在空调环境下工作时间越长,皮肤症状的发生率越高,而其他症状变化不明显;③不同场所间,医院相关不良症状发生率最高,写字楼及商场最低。结论集中空调通风系统下从业人员相关不良症状的发生率较高,应当加强对集中空调通风系统的监督管理,加强清洁消毒,保证其从业人员健康。Objective To survey the health conditions of employees working in the workplaces with centralized air-conditioning system so as to know about the incidence of ill symptoms among the employees and compare the characteristics of ill symptoms among the employees working in different workplaces.Methods Eleven workplaces with centralized air-conditioning system were randomly selected in Shenzhen,and all workers were investigated by self-designed questionnaires which included basic situation,general symptoms,eye symptoms,respiratory tract symptoms,and skin symptoms.Results The incidence of ill symptoms of females was significantly higher than that of males（P0.05）.The longer the working under the air-conditioning system,the higher the incidence of skin symptoms;however,the incidence of other symptoms did not show the same trend.Among different workplaces,the incidence of ill symptoms in hospitals was the highest,while the incidence of office buildings and shopping malls was the lowest.Conclusions The incidence of ill symptoms in the employees working in the workplaces with centralized air-conditioning system is higher.It is necessary to strengthen the supervision and management of the centralized air-conditioning system and enhance the cleaning and disinfection so as to ensure the health of the employees.

关 键 词：集中空调通风系统 工作场所从业人员 健康状况 

分 类 号：R126.4[医药卫生—环境卫生学]