神农架保护区典型植被的物种多样性和环境解释  

Species Diversity and Environmental Interpretation of Typical Vegetation Types in the Shennongjia Natural Reserve

作　　者：丛静[1,2] 尹华群[1] 卢慧[2,3] 宿秀江 杨敬元 李迪强[2] 张于光[2] 

机构地区：[1]中南大学资源加工与生物工程学院,长沙410083 [2]中国林业科学研究院森林生态环境与保护研究所国家林业局森林生态重点实验室,北京100091 [3]青海师范大学,西宁810008 [4]白云山国家级自然保护区管理局,保靖416500 [5]神农架国家级自然保护区管理局,神农架442421

出　　处：《林业科学》2013年第5期30-35,共6页Scientia Silvae Sinicae

基　　金：中央公益型科研院所基本科研业务费专项资金项目(CAFRIFEEP201101);湖北神农架国家级自然保护区本底资源调查子项目;国家自然保护区生物标本资源共享子平台

摘　　要：研究神农架保护区亚高山灌丛、亚高山暗针叶林、针阔混交林和落叶阔叶林4种典型植被类型的物种多样性及其与环境的关系。结果表明:随海拔升高,植物群落的物种丰富度、区系分化度、Shannon-Wiener多样性指数和E.Pielou均匀度指数均呈单峰分布格局;DCA二维排序图第1排序轴表达了植被以海拔梯度因子为主要影响因素的分布格局;CCA协变量矩阵偏典范对应分析表明,土壤因子和地形因子总体上可以对50.35%的植物多样性变异格局进行解释;CCA排序图表明第一轴与土壤温度显著正相关(相关水平为0.936),与土壤有机碳含量和土壤全氮含量显著负相关(相关水平分别-0.714和-0.752),而CCA第2排序轴与土壤pH值负相关(相关水平为-0.775),表明这些因子是影响植物多样性分布格局的主要因素。This paper studied four typical vegetation types, subalpine bush （I）, subalpine coniferous forest （Ⅱ）, mixed coniferous and deciduous forest （Ⅲ）, and the deciduous broadleaved forest（Ⅳ）in Hubei Shennongjia National Nature Reserve. We explored the relationship between plant diversity and environment factors, and revealed the change pattern of plant community species diversity in the typical vegetation. Furthermore, the main environmental factors influencing species distribution pattern were discussed. In this study, we set up 53 plant sample plots to survey the plant diversity. The investigation of forest communities was conducted by using the detrended correspondence analysis （DCA） for ordination in Hubei Shennongjia National Nature Reserve. Two-dimensional ordination diagram of CCA was presented in combination with community species matrix and environmental factors matrix. The results showed that species richness and flora differentiation degree, Shannon-Wiener diversity index and E.Pielou evenness index all exhibited ＂the single-peak＂ distribution pattern with rising altitude. The species richness and diversity were the highest in the middle altitude. The first ordination of DCA shaft analysis expressed that the distribution pattern was to a large extent influenced by the altitude gradient. CCA covariable matix corresponding analysis indicated that soil and terrain factors in general were able to explain 53.35% of plant diversity variation pattern. The first ordination of CCA had a significant positive correlation with soil temperature （the correlation level is 0.936）, while it had a significant negative correlation with soil organic carbon and total nitrogen （the correlation level is -0.714 and -0.752, respectively）. The second order axis was associated with soil pH （the correlation level is -0.775）. The results revealed that these factors had a dominating impact on plant diversity distribution pattern.

关 键 词：物种多样性 DCA排序 CCA排序 环境解释 神农架自然保护区 

分 类 号：S718.51[农业科学—林学]