生物制药企业恶臭污染物的排放特征  

Emission Characteristics of Odor Pollutants from a Bio-pharmaceutics Enterprise

作　　者：翟增秀[1,2] 张君[1,2] 闫凤越[1,2] 王健壮[1,2] 刘英会 

机构地区：[1]天津市环境保护科学研究院,国家环境保护恶臭污染控制重点实验室,天津300191 [2]天津迪兰奥特环保科技开发有限公司,天津300191

出　　处：《城市环境与城市生态》2013年第3期19-21,25,共4页Urban Environment & Urban Ecology

基　　金：国家环境保护公益性行业科研专项(201009034);天津市自然科学基金项目(11JCYBJC05300)

摘　　要：为研究生物制药行业恶臭污染排放特征,采用冷阱富集—GC/MS技术对天津一家典型生物制药企业主要污染源发酵塔和污水处理站恶臭气体的组成、主要组分的含量及成分谱进行了研究。制药厂空气中共检测到烷烃、烯烃、芳香烃、卤代烃、含氧有机物和硫化物等6类物质,其中烷烃和含氧有机物是主要的组成成分,分别占了发酵塔和污水处理站总质量浓度的90%以上。检测结果表明:恶臭污染物总浓度为发酵塔(2.97mg/m3)>污水处理站(0.55mg/m3);臭气浓度结果为发酵塔(6520)>污水处理站(4316)。结合成分谱分析,多数物质质量浓度百分比低于1%。发酵塔处检出56种有机物,其中质量浓度百分比高于10%的仅戊烷、丙酮和乙醇3种;污水处理站处检出52种有机物,其中仅2,3-二甲基丁烷和乙醇的质量浓度百分比高于10%。结合数据分析,初步筛选出了该制药厂发酵塔和污水处理站的特征污染物,发酵塔为乙醇、丙酮、戊烷、2,3-二甲基丁烷、甲基异丁酮和对-二乙苯;污水处理站为乙醇、2,3-二甲基丁烷、3-甲基己烷、2,4-二甲基戊烷和对-二乙苯。To study odor pollution emission characteristic, the cold enrich--GC / MS was used to determine the main composition, the material contents and the source profile of the main pollution source of a typical bio-pharmaeeutics enterprise in Tianjin. Alkane, olefins, aromatics, halogenated hydrocarbon, oxygen organic compound and sulfide were tested in the air of the bio- pharmaeeuties enterprise. The paraffin and oxygen organic compound were the main components, respectively accounted for fermentation tower and sewage treatment station more than 90% of the total mass concentration. The quantitative detection result showed the odorant concentration levels of the main processing units ranked in the order： fermentation tower （2. 97mg/m3） 〉 sewage treatment station （0. 55mg/m3 ）. Odor concentration results： fermentation tower （6 520） 〉 sewage treatment plant （4 316）. Combined with source profile analysis, the quality percentage of most materials was less than 1%. In the fermentation tower there were 56 kinds of organic matters, of which quality percentages higher than 10% were pentane, acetone and ethanol; in the sewage treatment station there were 52 kind of organic matters, of which the quality percentages of 2, 3-dimethyl butane and ethanol were higher than 10%. Based on the data analysis, the characteristic pollutants in the bio-pharmaceutics enterprise was preliminarily identified as ethyl alcohol, acetone, pentane, 2,3- dimethyl butane, methyl isobutyl ketone, and 1,4-diethyl benzene in fermentation tower; and ethyl alcohol, 2,3-dimethyl butane, 3-methyl hexane, 2, 4-dimethyl pentane and 1,4-diethyl benzene in sewage treatment station.

关 键 词：生物制药 恶臭污染 成分谱 特征污染物 

分 类 号：X512[环境科学与工程—环境工程]