浙江省义乌市蔬菜基地土壤重金属元素的污染评价  

Assessment of soil heavy metal contamination in vegetable bases of Yiwu city

作　　者：李超英[1] 计小江[1] 毛红瑞 周维明 吴春艳[1] 

机构地区：[1]浙江省农业科学院环境资源与土壤肥料研究所,浙江杭州310021 [2]义乌市农业检测站,金华义乌322000

出　　处：《浙江农业学报》2013年第3期561-566,共6页Acta Agriculturae Zhejiangensis

基　　金：国家公益性行业(农业)科研专项(201003014;201203030)

摘　　要：利用单项污染指数法和内梅罗综合污染指数法对浙江省义乌市12个蔬菜基地土壤的重金属元素进行污染状况的评价。12个蔬菜基地土壤的重金属元素平均含量:Cd 0.36 mg.kg-1;Zn 279.02 mg.kg-1;Cr 62.93 mg.kg-1;Cu 5.16 mg.kg-1;Hg 0.28 mg.kg-1;As 2.14 mg.kg-1;Pb 21.20 mg.kg-1。在供研究的7个重金属元素中,As和Hg的变异系数最大(110%);Cd,Zn,Cr和Cu的变异系数居中(60%～94%);Pb的变异系数最小(28%)。土壤重金属单因子污染指数(Pi)平均值由大到小的顺序为:Cd(1.01)>Hg(0.81)≈Zn(0.80)>Cu(0.33)>Cr(0.29)>Pb≈As(0.10)。处于安全水平、警戒线和轻度污染的土壤样品数分别占总样品数的33.3%,25.0%和41.7%。总体来看,义乌市蔬菜基地部分土壤已经受到轻度污染。The pollution status of soil heavy metal in 12 vegetable bases of Yiwu.city, Zhejiang, China was evaluated by using single pollution index and comprehensive pollution index methods. The results showed that average contents of soil heavy metal in 12 vegetable bases were as follows： Cd： 0. 36 mg·kg-1 , Zn 279.02 mg·kg-1 , C r 62. 93 mg · kg-1 , Cu 5. 16 mg·kg-1 , Hg0. 28 mg·kg-2 , and As 2. 14 mg·kg.-1. Among the 7 heavy metal studied,the variation coefficients of As and Hg were the greatest （ 110% ） , followed by Cd, Zn, Cr, and Cu （60% -94% ） , and the lowest was Pb （28%）. The average single pollution index of soil heavy metal of the soils in 12 vegetable bases fol- lowed the order： Cd （1.01） 〉 Hg（0.81） ≈ Zn（0.80） 〉 Cu-（0.33） 〉 Cr（0.29）〉 Pb ≈ As （0.10）. Soil samples at the soil heavy metal levels of safe, warning, and slight pollution accounted for 33.3%, 25.0% and 41.7% of total soil samples, respectively. Based on the results of this study, it can be concluded that parts of the soils in the vegetable bases of Yiwu city have been slightly polluted by heavy metals.

关 键 词：蔬菜地土壤 重金属 污染 单项元素污染指数 综合污染指数 

分 类 号：X503.231[环境科学与工程—环境工程]