北京学生对日刻板印象及3·11地震后的情绪和援助意向研究  

Beijing Students’Stereotype toward Japanese,Emotional Reaction and Helping Tendency after 3·11 Earthquake

作　　者：张燕[1,2] 高红梅[1,2] 王芳[1,2] 许燕[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]北京师范大学心理学院,北京100875 [2]北京师范大学应用实验心理北京市重点实验室,北京100875

出　　处：《心理学探新》2013年第3期225-233,共9页Psychological Exploration

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(91024005);国家科技支撑计划(2012BAI36B03)

摘　　要：研究采用问卷法探讨了北京市大中小学生对日本人的刻板印象差异、日本3·11地震后情绪与援助意向的不同,以及刻板印象和情绪反应对于其援助意向的影响,结果发现:(1)北京市大中小学生对日本人的总体刻板印象偏消极,但高中生和大学生在能力维度表示了一定程度的肯定;(2)日本3·11地震后,大中小学生整体的情绪反应程度不强;但高中生和大学生较之小学生和初中生表现出更多的悲伤、同情等亲社会情绪,而更少幸灾乐祸情绪;(3)大中小学生在是否对日本进行援助的问题上显得比较保守;(4)对日本人的刻板印象与地震后的情绪反应和援助意向之间存在显著相关;(5)各群体中,亲社会情绪在对日本人的刻板印象和地震后的援助意向之间起部分中介作用;但对地震本身的事件应对情绪并不存在这种中介效应。结论:北京市大中小学生对日本人的刻板印象较为消极,其对3.11地震后援助倾向有显著影响,且这种作用部分是通过亲社会情绪产生的。The study explored Beijing students＇ stereotype toward Japanese, as well as their emotional reactions and helping tendencies after 3.11 earthquake happened in Japan. Results from 932 students by questionnaires indicated that： （ 1 ） the students＇ stereotype to- ward Japanese were negative, while the senior high students and college students showed appreciation on the capability dimension though not reached high level; （2） the intensity of the students＇ emotional reaction after 3·11 earthquake in Japanese was a little slight ; how- ever,senior high students and college students experienced more intense pro- social emotion such as sorrow and sympathy and feebler schadenfreude when comparing with primary students and junior school students ; （ 3 ） students became a little reserved when come to the question of helping Japanese after the earthquake ; （4） significant positive correlation was found among the stereotype toward Japanese, emotional reaction and helping tendency after the earthquake; （5）in each stage of the group,partly mediating effect of pro -social emo- tion was found between the stereotype toward Japanese the helping tendency, but no such effect was found on event - coping emotion. To conclude, the stereotype toward Japanese could significantly influence the emotional reaction and helping tendency after 3· 11 earth- quake, and some of the impact was generated through pro - social emotion.

关 键 词：日本3·11地震 大中小学生 刻板印象 情绪反应 援助意向 

分 类 号：B848[哲学宗教—心理学]