药用植物三叶木通(Akebia trifoliata subsp.trifoliata)野生资源的地理分布与调查  

Geographical Distribution and Resource Survey of Wild Medicinal Plant Akebia trifoliata subsp. trifoliata

作　　者：张燕君[1] 党海山[1] 杨路路[1] 魏国燕[1] 王瑛[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院武汉植物园,植物种质创新与特色农业重点实验室,湖北武汉430074

出　　处：《中国野生植物资源》2013年第3期58-62,共5页Chinese Wild Plant Resources

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(30900076);科技基础性工作专项重点项目(SB2007FY020);中国科学院知识创新工程重要方向项目(Y12A214E02);湖北省自然科学基金(2010CDB105);国家科技支撑计划项目(2011BAD31B02);中国科学院战略性先导科技专项(XDA05090305)

摘　　要：野生三叶木通广泛分布于华中、黄河流域以及秦岭地区,具有极高的药用价值,应用前景广阔。由于过度采收造成野生三叶木通资源的急剧下降。利用样方调查的方法,在野生三叶木通集中分布的秦岭和中条山等地对其地理分布和资源状况进行了调查。结果发现,野生三叶木通的密度以及单株和单位面积根、茎、叶的平均重量在不同地区表现出很大的差异。在陕西省镇安县,野生三叶木通具有最大的总储藏量、总年允收量和单位面积总重,分别为2 014.28 kg/hm2、437.3 kg和201.43 g/m2。根据三叶木通主产区各省份的森林面积,全国主产区总蕴藏量有223 805.65万t,年允收量有6 209.19万t。需要加强对三叶木通植物野生资源的保护力度,实现野生药用植物资源可持续开发利用的最终目的。Wild Akebia trifoliata subsp, trifoliata widely distributes in central China, Yellow River Basin and Qinling Mountains. It has very high medical values. However, over-harvesting has led to a sharp decline in this wild resource. In the present research, the geographical distribution and resource status of wild A. trifoliata subsp, trifoliata were investigated by using quadrat method in the Qinling and Zhongtiao Mountains. The results showed that there were great differences in A. trifoliata subsp, trifoliata density and average root weight per unit area, stem and leaf traits among different geographical areas. In Zhenan county of Shaanxi province, the largest wild reserve （2 014.28 kg/hm2 ） of A. trifoliata subsp, trifoliata was discovered with total annual yield （437.3 kg） and total weight per unit area （201.43 g/m2）. Ac- cording to the areas of forests in the major producing areas, the total reserve of A. trifoliata subsp, trifoliata was about 223 805.65 million ton and its total annual yield was about 6 209.19 million ton. Conservation strategies should be taken to strengthen the protection of A. trifoliata subsp, trifoliata, so that the natural wild resources could be sustainably utilized in the future.

关 键 词：三叶木通 地理分布 资源现状 药用植物 

分 类 号：Q948.5[生物学—植物学]