阻燃型LGF/PA6复合材料的制备及阻燃机理研究  

Preparation and Flame-retardant Mechanism of Flame Retarded LGF/PA6 Composites

作　　者：左晓玲[1,2] 张凯舟[1] 邵会菊[1] 瞿进[2] 郝智[1,2] 郭建兵[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]贵州大学材料与冶金学院,贵州贵阳550003 [2]国家复合改性聚合物材料工程技术研究中心,贵州贵阳550014

出　　处：《塑料工业》2013年第6期103-108,共6页China Plastics Industry

基　　金：国家自然基金(2012AA03A601);贵州大学创新基金(研理工2013067)

摘　　要：利用溴化环氧树脂(BER)协同三氧化二锑(Sb2O3)制备新型卤素阻燃长玻纤增强尼龙6复合材料(FR/LGF/PA6)。通过极限氧指数(LOI)、垂直燃烧(UL94)、热重分析法(TGA)、锥形量热(cone)、红外光谱分析(FTIR)等方法研究了BER协同Sb2O3对长玻纤增强尼龙6复合材料阻燃性能影响。结果表明:在BER与Sb2O3的协效阻燃体系质量分数为12%时,可使FR/LGF/PA6复合材料的阻燃等级达到FV-0级,LOI为23.9%,且力学性能表现为最佳。锥形量热与热失重分析均表明:BER协同Sb2O3能提高FR/LGF/PA6复合材料的热稳定性,缓解PA6分解速率,从而起到良好的阻燃作用,成功地解决了玻纤增强材料燃烧时的"烛芯效应"问题。红外光谱和锥形量热分析表明:LGF/PA6与FR/LGF/PA6复合材料热处理后的炭层结构不完全相同,说明了BER协同Sb2O3不仅在气相发挥阻燃作用,在固相也同样发挥阻燃作用。Long-glass-fiber reinforced polyamide 6 composites were flame retarded with an halogenic flame retardant （FR/LGF/PA6） system containing brominated epoxy resins （BER） synchronized with antimony trioxide （Sb203）. The effects of BER and Sb203on the flame retarding properties of the LGF/PA6 were studied by LOI, UL-94measurements, TGA, cone tests and FT-IR. The results demonstrated that the LOI value and UL-94 rating of FR/LGF/PA6 composites reached at 23.9% and FV-0, respectively, and exhibited much better mechanical properties for the sample containing 12 wt% BER synchronized with antimony trioxide Sb 203. The cone and thermal gravimetrie showed that the thermal stability of FR/LGF/PA6 composites was raised by brominated epoxy resins in synchronizing antimony trioxide, so that retard the decomposing rate of PA6 and played an important role in flame retardance. The problem of ＂candlewick＂ effect related to the glass fiber was successfully solved by the introduction of flame retarded system. FT-IR and cone showed that the residue char after heat treatment of LGF/PA6 and FR/LGF/PA6 was not the same completely, which indicated that the BER/Sb203 system had flame retarded effects not only in gaseous phase but also in condensed phase.

关 键 词：长玻纤增强尼龙6 溴化环氧树脂 烛芯效应 阻燃机理 燃烧特性 

分 类 号：TQ327.1[化学工程—合成树脂塑料工业]