种子包衣延迟发芽对玉米生长发育及产量的影响研究  

Effects of Coated-seed Delayed Germination on the Growth and Yield of Maize

作　　者：张永强[1] 刘郁娜[1] 徐文修[1] 陈飞虎[1] 胥新强[1] 田彦君[1] 

机构地区：[1]新疆农业大学农学院,乌鲁木齐830052

出　　处：《新疆农业科学》2013年第5期823-828,共6页Xinjiang Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：农业部公益性行业专项"现代农作制模式构建及配套技术研究"(201103001)

摘　　要：【目的】筛选适宜玉米种子延迟发芽的包衣处理,为新疆南疆地区玉米茴香间作同期机械播种提供科学依据。【方法】2011年于喀什岳普湖县进行玉米高分子材料包衣处理田间试验。【结果】包衣的A、B处理均达到延迟发芽的目的,比同期播种未包衣的C处理分别晚出苗6和17 d,其中B处理出苗时间正好与适期播种的CK出苗时间相一致,达到了预定的出苗时间,但其出苗率很低,只有51.3%,影响了最终的产量,使其产量在各处理中为最低水平,分别比未包衣的C处理减产32.45%,比适期播种的CK减产27.41%。播期和包衣对玉米株高和穗位高有一定影响,而对双棒率、果穗长、穗粒数、百粒重等果穗特性无影响。在全生育期包衣处理对玉米的叶面积指数影响较大,在玉米生长的中后期,包衣处理的叶面积指数始终低于未包衣的。【结论】种子包衣实现延迟发芽,最为关键的是要解决延迟发芽时间与出苗率的矛盾。[ Objective] The project aimed to screen appropriate maize seed providing scientific basis for intercropping maize ~＇ith fennel through mechanical coating seeding process in the hope of in Southern Xinjiang. [ Method ] Field experiment on maize polymer materiai coating treatment was carried out in Yuepuhu County, Kashgar in 2011. [ Result ] The A and B seed coating treatments both reached the purpose of delaying germination by 6 and 17 days, respectively compared with those uncoated seeds （C） planted in the soil at the same time; the germination time of B treatment was consistent with the suitable sowing time of CK and arrived at the predetermined emergence time. However, The final yield was greatly affected, which was 32.45% lower than that of the uncoated C, 27.41% lower than the proper sowing CK respectively due to the low germination percentage of only 51.3%. Seeds treated with coating mainly has some influences on the corn height and stem diameter, but no effect on the ear features such as twins ear spike rate, ear length, grains per spike, grain weight and so on. Seed coating treatment has great impact on maize leaf area index during the whole growth period, but the leaf area index of corn growing in the post - coating processing is always lower than the uncoated. [ Conclusion ] Coating seeds can delay the germination, but the pivot is to solve the contradiction of the delayed germination time and the emergence rate of seeds.

关 键 词：种子包衣 延迟发芽 生长发育 产量 

分 类 号：S513[农业科学—作物学] S344.2