不同放牧强度对新疆褐牛的牧食行为影响  

Influence of Different Grazing Gradients on Xinjiang Brown Cattle Grazing Behavior

作　　者：古伟容[1] 孙宗玖[1] 朱进忠[1] 

机构地区：[1]新疆农业大学草业与环境科学学院/新疆草地资源与生态重点实验室,乌鲁木齐830052

出　　处：《新疆农业科学》2013年第5期944-948,共5页Xinjiang Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：公益性行业(农业)科研专项"不同区域草地承载力与家畜配置--新疆褐牛放牧饲养草地承载力与家畜配置研究"(200903060)

摘　　要：【目的】研究不同放牧强度下新疆褐牛的牧食行为。【方法】在试验区设置轻度放牧(BA1)、中度放牧(BA2)和重度放牧(BA3),采用跟踪观察法观察新疆褐牛的牧食行为。【结果】7月,三种不同牧压下新疆褐牛的采食时间>反刍时间>卧息时间>游走时间>饮水时间,反刍时间是BA1>BA2>BA3,且BA1与BA2和BA3有显著差异(P<0.05);8月份,采食时间BA3与BA1和BA2存在显著差异(P<0.05),卧息时间BA1与BA2有显著差异(P<0.05)。【结论】在一天的放牧中采食和反刍是新疆褐牛的主要牧食行为。[ Objective ] To study the influence of different grazing gradients on Xinjiang Brown Cattle grazing behavior. [ Methods] Three grazingpatterns were set in the testing area： light grazing （BA1 ）, moderate grazing （BA2） and heavy grazing （BA3 ） to keep track of Xinjiang Brown Cattle grazing behavior. [Results] In July, under the three different grazing pressures, Xinjiang Brown Catde＇s behavior is： ingestive time 〉 ruminating time 〉 resting time 〉 wandering time 〉 drinking time, and their rnminatiing time is： BA1 〉 BA2 〉 BA3. A Significant difference appears between BA1 , BA2 and BA3 （P 〈 0.05 ） ;In August ingestive time under BA1, BA2 and BA3 is significantly different （P 〈 0.05）, and there is a big difference between sleeping and resting time under the patterns of BA1 and BA2 （ P 〈 0.05 ）. [ Conclusion ] Ingestion and rumination are the major and important behavior of Xinjiang Brown Cattle during the whole day.

关 键 词：放牧强度 牧食行为 新疆褐牛 

分 类 号：S811.8[农业科学—畜牧学]