氮素形态对小麦幼苗生长及根系生理特性的影响  

Effect of N Forms on Growth and Root Physiological Characteristics of Wheat Seedling

作　　者：罗来超[1] 苗艳芳[1] 李生秀[2] 魏鑫[1] 都开彬[1] 

机构地区：[1]河南科技大学农学院,河南洛阳471003 [2]西北农林科技大学资环学院,陕西杨陵712100

出　　处：《河南科技大学学报（自然科学版）》2013年第4期81-84,1,共4页Journal of Henan University of Science And Technology:Natural Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(30971866);洛阳市科技攻关项目(1203206B)

摘　　要：在水培条件下分别施用铵态氮、硝态氮、酰胺态氮及20%铵态氮+80%酰胺态氮,研究了3种氮素形态4种处理对小麦苗期生长、根系生理特性及氮素积累的影响。研究结果表明:氮素形态对小麦幼苗生长有显著的影响,在硝态氮处理下,小麦叶重、总生物量最高,日增重高于铵态氮34.5%;硝态氮肥可以提高根干重和根冠比,并可提高根系中的可溶性糖、硝酸还原酶(NRA)活性,氮素吸收效率和偏生产率最高。较好地印证了在水培条件下,小麦喜好硝态氮营养,硝态氮的增效优于其他氮素形态,混合氮源次之,铵态氮略高于酰胺态氮,但两者差异不显著。Water culture experiment was conducted in laboratory room using wheat as an indicating crop to study the influence of different N forms on the growth,root physiological characteristics and nitrogen accumulation of seedling stage.There were 4 treatments in the experiment,which are respectively N1-ammonia nitrogen,N2-nitrate N,N3-Amid-N,N4-20% ammonia nitrogen + 80% Amid-N.The results show that N forms has significant effect on the growth of wheat seedling.In the nitrate nitrogen treatment,leaf weight and total biomass are the highest,and the daily gain is 34.5% higher than that of ammonium nitrogen.Nitrate nitrogen fertilizer can improve the root dry weight and root / shoot ratio,and it can increase the soluble sugar of the root system,and nitrate reductase activity ( NRA) .N uptake efficiency and nitrogen partial factor productivity ( PEP) are the highest in four treatments.Wheat having preference for nitrate nitrogen nutrition is well proved in aquiculture conditions.The nitrate nitrogen efficiency is superior to other forms.Mixed nitrogen source is the second smallest.Ammonium nitrogen is slightly above the amide nitrogen,but the difference is not significant.

关 键 词：氮素形态 小麦幼苗 根系特性 氮素吸收 

分 类 号：S143.1[农业科学—肥料学]