海流兔河近50年来基流变化特征分析  

Analysis of base flow variation characteristic in Hailiutu River in past 50 years

作　　者：祖明娟[1,2] 管仪庆[1] 张丹蓉[1,3] 沈晓金 李绣红[1] 邵广文[1] 

机构地区：[1]河海大学水文水资源与水利工程科学国家重点实验室,南京210098 [2]河海大学水文水资源学院,南京210098 [3]密西西比大学国家水科学和工程计算中心,密西西比牛津ms38655 [4]浙江省湖州市水利局,浙江湖州313000

出　　处：《水资源与水工程学报》2013年第3期38-42,共5页Journal of Water Resources and Water Engineering

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助(51209064)

摘　　要：基流是枯水期河流的主要补给来源,对干旱半干旱区的河流尤其重要。在沙漠半沙漠区,河流基流还对维持脆弱的生态系统中发挥重要作用。对河流基流变化分析,可为流域水资源保护以及合理的利用和开发提供依据。本文基于半干旱风沙滩地区海流兔河1957年到2007年的实测流量资料,采用递归数字滤波法对该站的流量过程进行了基流分割,研究了海流兔河年基流量和基流指数(BFI)的年内、年际变化特征;用M-K非参数检验法分析了基流量和BFI的变化趋势。结果表明,海流兔流域基流占径流比重较大,年均径流、基流都呈减少趋势,径流年内分配均匀、基流则表现为先减少后增加,BFI年际、年内变化都较均匀,没有明显的增加或减少趋势;情势变化指数法(RSI)检测出基流在1966、1986年存在突变点,径流在1968、1989、2001年发生突变。Base flow is the main supplement source of stream flow in dry period and especial important to the river in arid and semi - arid area. It plays an important role in maintaining the fragile ecological sys- tem in the region. Based on the observed runoff series of Hailiutu river from 1957 to 2007, the paper used recursive digital filter method for base flow separation and investigated the trend of annual and inter -annual variations of base flow and BFI （base flow index）. The statistical method of nonparametric Mann - Kendall test was used for analyzing the trend of base flow and BFI. Results showed that base flow holds a larger proportion of the runoff, annual base flow and runoff have a significant descending trend; the annual distribution of runoff is even but the base flow first decreased and then increased ; BFI both in annual and inter- annual shows even, has no significant increase or decrease trend. The Regime Shift Index （RSI） method was used to measure sudden change point of the base flow in 1966 and 1986. The runoff occurred sudden change in 1968,1989 and 2001.

关 键 词：基流分割 递归滤波法 基流指数 M-K非参数检验法 

分 类 号：P333[天文地球—水文科学]