美国温室气体减排的实践与气候谈判的立场关联性研究  

Study on the Relation Between U.S.A.Greenhouse Gas Emission Reduction Practices and the Position on Climate Negotiation

作　　者：肖艳[1,2] 张汉林[2] 

机构地区：[1]中南林业科技大学经济学院,湖南长沙410004 [2]对外经济贸易大学中国世界贸易组织研究院,北京100029

出　　处：《武汉理工大学学报（社会科学版）》2013年第3期327-334,共8页Journal of Wuhan University of Technology:Social Sciences Edition

基　　金：2012年度国家社科基金重大项目(12&ZD090);2011年度中南林业科技大学青年基金文科招标项目(2011ZB002);2012湖南省科技厅软科学课题(2012ZK3105)

摘　　要：在对美国芝加哥气候交易所交易状况回顾的基础上,总结出该体系的独特之处,即明确了排放指标的供应方和需求方,即抵减项目方拥有排放指标而成为供应方,其他参与人在气候交易所通过购买排放指标成为需求方;认为农林类抵减项目在交易体系中起着重要作用,自愿性交易市场无法承担起温室气体减排的重任;分析了美国温室气体减排的整体约束性框架的现状及发展趋势,认为美国国内温室气体减排的制度性安排将必然关乎其在未来全球减排体系的设计和安排上的立场,而美国的立场就是实现抵减项目的经济效益和社会效益的最大化。On the basis of reviewing trading condition of the Chicago Climate Exchange, the thesis sums up the unique characteristics of the system, which bring in supply side and demand side to mar- ket oriented emissions trading to realize the targets. The supply side is the holder of emission credit projects;the demand side is the buyer of emission credit,who has the responsibility to cut down the e- mission level. The thesis especially focuses on the agricultural and forestry credits project, because the proportion of the tax credit project has been on adequate supply, and the function of voluntary market of greenhouse gas emission is limited. The thesis also analyzes the limited condition of the US＇s emis- sions of greenhouse gases as well as its tendency. It＇s obvious that the institutional arrangement of greenhouse gases reduction in the US will have effects on the design and arrangement of global green- house gases emission in the future. And the position of the US is to achieve both maximize economic and maximize social benefits in the project.

关 键 词：芝加哥气候交易所 温室气体减排 抵减项目 森林碳汇 

分 类 号：F316.20[经济管理—产业经济]