汉语话题句中语迹的神经机制研究  

On the Neural Mechanism of the Traces of Chinese Topicalization

作　　者：杨亦鸣[1] 刘涛[1] 

机构地区：[1]江苏师范大学语言研究所,教授徐州221116

出　　处：《中国社会科学》2013年第6期146-166,207-208,共21页Social Sciences in China

基　　金：国家社会科学基金重大项目(10&ZD126);国家自然科学基金项目(31271196);江苏省社会科学基金项目(11YYC011);江苏高校优势学科建设工程资助项目(PAPD);江苏高校哲学社会科学重点研究基地重大项目;江苏省高校自然科学重大基础研究项目(10KJA180051);江苏省高校哲学社会科学基金重点项目(09SJB740001);江苏师范大学科研基金项目(11XLR47)的资助

摘　　要：语迹理论是生成语法框架下所提出的重要理论假设,但这种理论假设正确与否,句法表征中是否真正存在没有语音形式的语迹,必须得到与语言相关的脑神经机制的实验验证。在生成语法理论背景下,利用高时间分辨率的事件相关电位技术,以汉语话题句为研究语料,考察了汉语语迹的神经机制问题。实验结果表明,在汉语话题句的加工过程中所诱发的持续负波、动词位置的负成分以及句末位置的P600成分,均反映了句首话题成分移位后会在原有位置留有语迹,二者之间存在句法依存关系。根据实验结果认为,语迹在汉语话题句中有其神经机制,语迹理论假设的合理性能够得到大脑神经机制上的证明。同时研究也从神经机制的角度逆向证实了汉语话题句是经由移位生成的句法结构。Trace theory is an important theoretical hypothesis proposed within the Generative Grammar framework.However,the validity of the hypothesis and the existence of phonologically null traces in syntactic representations must be verified experimentally by the language-related neural mechanism.Based on the theory of Generative Grammar, this study uses the event-related potentials with high-temporal resolution to explore the neural mechanism of Chinese traces in a corpus of Chinese topoicalization.The results show that the sustained negativity incurred in the processing of Chinese topicalization,the negative components in verbal locations,and the sentence-ending P600 components,all reflect the existence of traces of sentence-beginning topic components in the original place after their movement and the existence of syntactic dependence between them two.Based on the results,we argue that traces have their neural mechanism in Chinese topicalization,and that the validity of the trace theory hypothesis can be verified by the neural mechanism.Furthermore,our study also shows from the neural mechanism perspective that Chinese topicalization is a syntactic structure resulting from linguistic movements.

关 键 词：语迹 话题句 神经机制 事件相关电位 

分 类 号：H146[语言文字—汉语]