石漠化景观格局对土地利用时空演变的响应  

Rocky Desertification Landscape Pattern on Spatio-temporal Evolution of Land Use the Response

作　　者：王媛媛[1,2] 周忠发[1,2] 魏小岛[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]贵州师范大学中国南方喀斯特研究院,贵州贵阳550001 [2]贵州省喀斯特山地生态环境国家重点实验室培育基地,贵州贵阳550001

出　　处：《山地学报》2013年第3期307-313,共7页Mountain Research

基　　金：国家重点基础研究发展计划(973计划)课题(2012CB723202);贵州师范大学学生科研重点项目"石漠化地区不同生态恢复措施下小流域景观格局演化研究";贵州省优秀青年科技人才培养对象专项资金(黔科合人字[2009]18号);贵州省国际科技合作计划项目(黔科合外G字[2012]7022号)~~

摘　　要：土地利用是人类活动最直接的表现形式,喀斯特地区的石漠化演化与土地利用变化有密切关系,石漠化治理是在人为干预下加快恢复脆弱的喀斯特生态系统。运用3S技术和景观格局空间分析技术相结合的手段,对石漠化综合治理下,紫云县水塘小流域的土地利用及石漠化景观格局时空演变关系进行了探讨。结果表明:1.2004—2010年间水塘小流域土地利用类型以林地及草地变化较多,其他地类变动较少,其中林地面积增加10%,草地面积增加5%;2.2004—2010年间水塘小流域石漠化变化主要类型为,中度石漠化转轻度石漠化面积5%,轻度石漠化转潜在石漠化面积10%;3.2004—2010年间水塘小流域土地利用和石漠化景观格局,多样性指数各提高了0.3和0.12,破碎度指数各减少了0.138和0.16,优势度指数各降低了0.181和0.126,均匀度指数各提高了0.092和0.209,分维度指数各提高了0.02和0.18。研究发现运用土地利用与石漠化转移矩阵与景观格局相结合的分析方法,可为评价石漠化治理成效提供借鉴意义。Land use is the most direct manifestation of human activities. There is a close relationship between the karst rocky desertification evolution and land use change. The control of rocky desertification is in human interven- tion accelerate recovery of vulnerable Karst ecosystem. The research was studied by 3S technology and spatial pat- tern analysis technology means combining, on the comprehensive control of rocky desertification in Ziyun County Shuitang small watershed land use and karst rocky desertification landscape pattern evolution was discussed. The results show that：（ 1 ）During the period of 2004-2010 Shuitang small watershed land use types to forest and grass- land change more, the other kind of fewer changes, the forest land area increased by 10%, grassland area in- creased by 5% ;（2）During the period of 2004--2010 Shuitang small watershed in rocky desertification, the main types of moderate rocky desertification to mild Rocky Desertification Area 5%, slight rocky desertification to poten- tial rocky desertification area 10% ; （ 3 ） During the period of 2004--2010 reservoir watershed land use and land- scape pattern of rocky desertification. Diversity index all raised by 0.3 and 0.12, fragmentation index all decreased by 0. 138 and 0.16, the dominance index all decreased by 0. 181 and 0. 126 respectively, evenness index all raised by 0.092 and 0.209 ,fractal dimension index all raised by 0.02 and 0.18 respectively. Research shows that use such land use and rocky desertification transfer matrix with landscape pattern analysis of a combination of methods, for the evaluation the control of rocky desertification effectiveness to provide reference significance.

关 键 词：土地利用 喀斯特石漠化 景观格局 3S技术 

分 类 号：F301.24[经济管理—产业经济] P901[天文地球—自然地理学]