一种新型光伏系统最大功率点跟踪研究  

RESEARCH ON NOVEL MAXIMUM-POWER-POINT TRACKING FOR PV GENERATION SYSTEM

作　　者：彭志辉[1] 姜锐[1] 和军平[2] 马光[1] 

机构地区：[1]温州大学机电工程学院,温州325035 [2]哈尔滨工业大学深圳研究生院机电工程与自动化学院,深圳518055

出　　处：《太阳能学报》2013年第6期991-996,共6页Acta Energiae Solaris Sinica

基　　金：教育部高等学校博士点基金(200802131017);浙江省教育厅科研项目(Y201223620);浙江省教育厅科研项目(20030542)

摘　　要：针对环境温度和光照强度对光伏系统最优工作点的严重影响,提出一种快速跟踪环境温度和光照强度变化的最大功率点跟踪(Maximum Power Point Tracking,MPPT)电路结构及控制算法。通过分析太阳电池基本性质,设计一种改进型的Buck变换器拓扑结构,可快速采样短路电流和开路电压信号。在建立光伏发电系统小信号模型的基础上,设计一种非线性控制与线性控制相结合的改进型最大功率点跟踪控制算法,该算法外环为改进的扰动观察(Perturbation and Observation,P&O)法,内环为电压控制环路。仿真和实验表明,该算法不但能在环境变化时快速准确地跟踪光伏电池最大输出功率点,消除系统在最大功率点的振荡,而且具有效率高、响应速度快等优点。Because of the serious impact of ambient temperature and solar irradiance on photovohaic （PV） sys- tems, a novel controller with maximum power point tracking （MPPT） was developed, which could track environ- mental changes fast. The topological structure of a modified Buck converter which could sample the open circuit voltage and short circuit current conveniently was designed according to the detailed analysis of the basic principle of PV. An improved MPPT algorithm integrating the perturbation and observation method （P＆O） and linear control was proposed based on small-signal model of PV system. The outer loop of PV controller is improved P＆O algorithm for fast MPPT and the inner loop of PV controller regulates output current for stabilizing the output current and suppressing the load disturbance. The simulation and experimental results showed that the PV generation system has some good characteristics, such as good steady state, faster transient response, rapidly and accurately tracking the MPP changes, reducing the power oscillation around MPP and higher efficiency.

关 键 词：光伏系统 最大功率追踪 扰动观察法 小信号模型 

分 类 号：TM615[电气工程—电力系统及自动化]