苗期大豆对土壤水分和空气湿度变化的生理生化响应  

Response of physiology and biochemistry of soybean seedling to soil water deficit and air humidity

作　　者：楼靓珺[1] 宋新山[1] 赵晓祥[1] 

机构地区：[1]东华大学环境科学与工程学院,上海201620

出　　处：《草业科学》2013年第6期898-903,共6页Pratacultural Science

基　　金：973计划(2010CB951102);国家自然科学基金(50179028);上海市自然科学基金(10ZR1400300)

摘　　要：以"豫豆19"(Glycine max)为供试材料,采用人工气候箱内盆栽控水法,研究了4种土壤水分和3种空气相对湿度处理对大豆幼苗的生理生化影响,观测了处理5和10d后的生理变化,探讨了不同空气相对湿度下大豆幼苗对干旱胁迫的响应。结果表明,随土壤水分胁迫的加剧和胁迫时间的延长,大豆叶片相对含水量(LRWC)下降,可溶性糖、游离脯氨酸含量均逐渐积累,丙二醛(MDA)含量增加,超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活性降低,过氧化物酶(POD)活性增强。随着空气湿度的增加,LRWC增加,叶片的可溶性糖和游离脯氨酸含量降低,一定程度上缓解了干旱伤害。且随着空气湿度的增加MDA含量下降,表明提高空气湿度能抵御膜脂过氧化,降低土壤水分胁迫对作物生长的危害。本研究结果说明,大豆对短时间的干旱胁迫有一定的耐受性,增加空气湿度可在一定程度上减缓土壤水分对大豆苗的胁迫。Abstract： A pot experiment was conducted to study physiological response of water deficit and air humidity changes of soybean seedlings （Glycine max） for 5-day, 10-day under different control treatments. The experiments included four water stress levels Econtrol group （C1）, mild drought （C2）, moderate drought （Ca）, and severe drought （C4）, and three air humidity levels （35%--45%, 55%--65%, 85%--95%）. The severe drought stress resulted in decreasing leaf relative water content （LRWC）, incneasing of soluble sugar and free proline content, decreasing of activities of SOD, and improving of POD activity POD. With the air humidity rising, LRWC raised too, soluble sugar decreased and free proline kept osmotic potential. The decreasing content of MDA also indicated that higher air humidity could resist membrane lipid peroxi- dation, and the harm to soybean＇s growing. Soybean had some tolerance to drought stress in a short peri- od. Increasing air humidity can weaken the soil drought damage when drought stress is not so serious.

关 键 词：大豆苗 土壤水分 空气湿度 生理性状 

分 类 号：S565.1[农业科学—作物学]