海岛棉A亚组和草棉及阿非利加棉单染色体鉴定  

Individual Chromosome Identification in G. barbadense cv. Pima 90-53,G. herbaceum cv. Hongxing, and G. herbaceum Raced Africanum

作　　者：程华[1,2] 甘仪梅[3] 刘方[1] 蔡小彦[1] 王春英[1] 王玉红[1] 王坤波[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国农业科学院棉花研究所/棉花生物学国家重点实验室,河南安阳455000 [2]安阳工学院,河南安阳455000 [3]中国热带农业科学院热带生物技术研究所/农业部热带作物生物遗传资源重点实验室,海南海口571101

出　　处：《棉花学报》2013年第3期227-233,共7页Cotton Science

基　　金：国家863计划(2012AA101108-02-05);农业部保种项目(NB2012-2130135-29B);农业部948项目(2011-G1-04)

摘　　要：以1套13个陆地棉A亚组染色体特异的BAC克隆为探针,与海岛棉Pima90-53、红星草棉和阿非利加棉染色体进行荧光原位杂交。这些探针均在染色体上产生了特异信号,从而鉴别了这3个棉种基因组的单染色体。因此,这套BAC克隆也可以作为这3个基因组染色体的细胞遗传学标记。在此基础上,对3个棉种的A(亚)组染色体物理序号进行了命名。根据这些分子标记和连锁群的关系,染色体物理序号和遗传连锁图谱间可实现相互转化。这将有助于研究棉属不同棉种间的起源演化关系,以及新的遗传标记的染色体物理定位和构建染色体物理图谱等。Cotton is an important commercial crop around the world, however, its chromosomes are too small and similar to identify by karyotypic analysis and chromosome banding. The cytogenetics of cotton lag behind many other crop species, and the nomenclature for individual chromosome hasn＇t been widely accepted except for G. hirsutum. A set of 13 BAC clones specific to A-subgenome chromosomes of G. hirsutum are labeled and hybridized with the chromosomes in metaphase of A-subgenome of G. barbadense cv. pima 90-53, G. herbaceum cv. hongxing, and G. herbaceum raced africanum by BAC-FISH. There are distinc- tive signals on each chromosome, so these BAC clones are proved to be cytogenetic markers to identify each of them. Most of signals are located on the terminal of chromosomes. The signals on corresponding chromosomes have similar position among the three cotton varieties. Six BAC clones are consistent with their SSR markers by comparing the physical map of BAC clones with the genetic linkage map of SSR markers, and the individual chromosome can be linked with the linkage group. The chromo- somes were numbered as Ab01- Abl3 （or A（AD2 01- A（AD2 13） in A-subgenome of G. barbadense, A101- Al13 in G. herbaceum, and Ai,01- A,13 in G. herbaceum raced africanum. The results will help to analyze the origin and evolution of cotton, to orient new genetic markers on chromosomes, to construct physical map of chromosomes, and so on

关 键 词：棉花 单染色体 荧光原位杂交 染色体物理序号 

分 类 号：S562[农业科学—作物学]