江西省2009年燃煤污染型氟中毒病区现状调查  

Investigation of the current situation in coal-burning endemic fluorosis areas of Jiangxi province in 2009

作　　者：熊小玲[1] 刘玮[2] 李志宏[2] 万建平[2] 裘海清[2] 陈都[2] 上官俊[2] 

机构地区：[1]南昌大学研究生院医学部,江西南昌330006 [2]江西省疾病预防控制中心地方病防治所

出　　处：《现代预防医学》2013年第13期2408-2411,共4页Modern Preventive Medicine

摘　　要：目的查清江西省燃煤污染型地方性氟中毒的流行及分布状况,为制定防治措施提供依据。方法以行政村为单位,对调查地区进行人口数、户数以及8～12岁儿童氟斑牙普查,普查中对儿童氟斑牙患病率大于30%的病区村再进行饮水氟、儿童尿氟的抽样检测和病区村流行因素的调查。结果共调查8～12岁儿童218763人,氟斑牙检出人数为25899人,氟斑牙患病率为11.84%,氟斑牙病情以极轻和轻度为主,分别占氟斑牙检出人数的49.56%、43.62%;氟斑牙患病率大于30%的病区村共有371个,占调查村总数的24.25%,仅丰城市未查出氟斑牙患病率大于30%的病区村;采集了2588份儿童尿样,尿氟几何均数为0.87mg/L,范围为0.10～10.44mg/L,尿氟几何均数≥1.40mg/L的村数为13个,占14.94%;采集居民饮用水346份,水氟含量为0.01～0.92mg/L,均值为0.15mg/L,所有水样氟含量均未超过生活饮用水卫生标准;砖混结构的房屋占总调查户数的95.85%,97.39%的居民仍使用煤为主要燃料,在燃煤户中98.75%的居民采用敞烧炉灶,厨卧分开户数仅占燃煤总户数的5.04%。结论江西省燃煤污染型氟中毒仍比较严重,病区范围较大,燃烧含高氟的煤拌泥是引起当地氟中毒的主要原因。OBJECTIVE To find out the prevalence and distribution of endemic fluorosis in coal-burning pollution areas, provide the basis for formulating prevention and control measures. METHODS An administrative village for the unit, the population, households and dental fluorosis in children aged from 8 to 12 years were surveyed generally in study areas. During the investigation, sampling test of fluoride levels in drinking water and urine of children were carried out and the prevalent factors were surveyed in epidemic fluorosis villages where the prevalence of children’s dental fluorosis was over 30% . RESULTS In this survey, the number of children aged from 8 to 12 years was 218 763, the number of children with dental fluorosis was 25 899, the prevalence of children’s dental fluorosis was 11.84%. The conditions of dental fluorosis gave priority to extremely light and mild; the ratios were 49.56% and 43.62% respectively. The number of epidemic fluorosis villages where the prevalence of children dental fluorosis over 30% was 371, accounting for 24.25% of the total survey villages, and the epidemic fluorosis villages where the prevalence of children dental fluorosis over 30% weren’t found only in Fengcheng city. 2 588 children’s urine samples and 346 resident drinking water samples were collected, the geometric mean of fluoride concentration in urine was 0.87 mg/L, and its scopes were 0.10 mg/L to 10.44 mg/L. The number of villages where the geometric mean of fluoride concentration in urine over 1.40 mg/L was 13, accounting for 14.94%. The fluoride concentrations in resident drinking water were from 0.01 mg/L to 0.92 mg/L, the mean was 0.15 mg/L, the fluoride concentration in all samples were under the sanitary standard for drinking water. The percentage of houses with masonry structure was 95.85% of total survey households, 97.39% of the residents still used coal as the main fuel, 98.75% of the residents in coal-burning households used open burn ovens, the percentage of households of kitchen lying separated from be

关 键 词：燃煤污染 氟中毒 病区 流行病学 

分 类 号：R599[医药卫生—内科学]