青藏高原少数民族聚居农牧区儿童监护人预防接种认知和行为研究  

Study on parents’ cognition and behavior about children vaccination in Tibetan pastoral areas inhabited by ethnic minorities

作　　者：马艳梅[1,2] 胡苑笙[2] 张胜良[2] 关炳菊 马小军[2] 郑建中[1] 

机构地区：[1]山西医科大学公共卫生学院,山西太原030001 [2]青海省疾病预防控制中心

出　　处：《现代预防医学》2013年第13期2479-2481,2485,共4页Modern Preventive Medicine

基　　金：卫生部/联合国儿童基金会加强青海省常规免疫合作项目

摘　　要：目的了解青海省少数民族聚居农牧区儿童监护人对预防接种知识的认知和行为态度,为制定免疫规划传播策略提供依据。方法采用多阶段整群抽样方法,对703名儿童监护人进行问卷调查。结果少数民族聚居的农牧区儿童监护人对预防接种知识了解不够,自主接种意识薄弱。不同民族儿童监护人在预防接种知识的掌握和主动开展疫苗接种方面差异有统计学意义。医务人员和电视广播是儿童监护人获取信息的主要渠道,且也希望今后继续通过这两种途径获得。结论针对不同人群制定不同的传播策略,重点通过医务人员和广播电视途径开展免疫规划知识宣传,提高公众参与免疫规划服务的主动性。OBJECTIVE To investigate parents’ cognition and behavior about children vaccination in Qinghai Tibetan pastoral areas inhabited by ethnic minorities, and to provide evidences for developing the effective communication strategies. METHODS Used multi-stages cluster sampling, 703 children’s guardians were selected randomly and were investigated by questionnaire. RESULTS The guardians’ knowledge on vaccination was not satisfying in agricultural and pastoral areas inhabited by ethnic minorities, for they had weak awareness of positive vaccination. Parents’ mastery of knowledge in the vaccination and initiative to take their children to carry out vaccinations in different ethnics were significantly different. Children ’s guardians getting EPI knowledge was mainly from the medical staff and television, and wished continue to get the knowledge through these two channels. CONCLUSION It is necessary to develop different communication strategies with varied forms for different population. It is important to strengthen the publicity of immunization knowledge by the medical staff , radio and television channels, and improve the initiative of the public to participate in the immunization program.

关 键 词：儿童监护人 预防接种 认知 行为 研究 

分 类 号：R186[医药卫生—流行病学]