青铜峡市地方性氟中毒病区改水后氟斑牙及氟骨症患病调查  

Investigation on prevalent condition of dental fluorosis and skeletal fluorosis after Water-improvement Projects in the endemic fluorosis areas of Qingtongxia City

作　　者：李胜玲[1] 周进才 

机构地区：[1]宁夏医科大学护理学院,宁夏银川750004 [2]青铜峡市疾病控制预防中心

出　　处：《现代预防医学》2013年第13期2543-2546,共4页Modern Preventive Medicine

摘　　要：目的调查青铜峡市地方性氟中毒病区改水后氟斑牙及氟骨症患病情况,以评价其改水防治效果。方法采用流行病学抽样调查的方法,对青铜峡市2006年已改水的高氟重病区叶盛镇叶盛5队,高氟轻病区大坝镇新桥5队(原高桥4队),未改水的大坝镇滑石沟5队共670名儿童和1400名25岁以上成人分别进行了氟斑牙和氟骨症的调查。结果改水与未改水地区儿童氟斑牙患病率差异有统计学意义(χ2=9.954,P﹤0.05);改水与未改水地区氟骨症患病率差异有统计学意义(χ2=13.098,P﹤0.05);改水后水氟浓度为0.24～0.32mg/L。结论青铜峡市地方性氟中毒病区经改水降氟后,饮用水符合卫生要求,但氟斑牙及氟骨症尚存在一定程度的流行,还未达到完全控制。OBJECTIVE The survey is conducted to evaluate the result of water-improvement project aimed in eliminating the prevalence of dental fluorosis and skeletal fluorosis in endemic fluorosis areas of Qingtongxia City. METHODS By applying epidemiological sample survey method, some 670 children and 1 400 adults （﹥25 years） had been examined in dental fluorosis and skeletal fluorosis in Yesheng 5th team of Yesheng Township, where endemic fluorosis was seriously prevailed and had become water-improvement area in 2006; in Xinqiao 5th team Daba Township, endemic fluorosis mild prevailed; and Huashigou 5th team in Daba Township was not included in water-improvement area. RESULTS There was an evident difference in the dental fluorosis in water-improvement areas and the places without sater-improvement projects （χ 2 = 9.954, P ﹤0.05）. There was an evident difference in skeletal fluorosis in water-improvement areas and the places without water-improvement projects areas （χ 2 = 13.098, P ﹤ 0.05）. Since the drinking water improvement, the fluoride content in drinking water was 0.24-0.32 mg/L. CONCLUSION After water-improvement projects in the endemic fluorosis areas of Qingtongxia City, drinking water conforms to the hygiene requirement. The dental fluorosis and skeletal fluorosis are still damaging the health of population.

关 键 词：饮水型氟中毒 氟斑牙 氟骨症 尿氟 监测 

分 类 号：R599.9[医药卫生—内科学]