不同有机废弃物作为假单胞菌YT3吸附载体的研究  

Different Organic Wastes as Carriers for Pseudomonas YT3

作　　者：刘方春[1] 邢尚军[1] 马海林[1] 丁延琴[2] 陈波[2] 杜秉海[2] 

机构地区：[1]山东省林业科学研究院山东省森林植被生态修复工程技术研究中心,济南250014 [2]山东农业大学生命科学学院,泰安271018

出　　处：《农业环境科学学报》2013年第6期1194-1200,共7页Journal of Agro-Environment Science

基　　金：山东省科学技术发展计划项目(2007GG2009007);“十一五”国家科技支撑计划重大专项(2006BAD03A1505-3)

摘　　要：以草炭为对照,研究了发酵鸡粪、蚯蚓粪和菇渣作为假单胞菌(Pseudomonas)YT3吸附载体的可行性。结果表明:鸡粪吸水率最低,有效菌体释放效率为93.08%;菇渣的吸水性最高,但其菌体释放效率仅为67.59%;菌体释放效率与载体的阳离子代换量呈极显著负相关。用浸提液培养苜蓿种子36h后,鸡粪、蚯蚓粪和草炭处理的种子发芽指数均在80%以上,初步认定肥料浸提液对植物无毒。随着Pseudomonas YT3接种时间的增加,鸡粪、蚯蚓粪和草炭处理中的活菌数均有一个明显的增加过程;在接种后第30d时,3种有机物料中的最大活菌数分别为8.9×108、7.5×108、5.9×108CFU·g-1,分别为初始接种量的560%、326%和187%;在第180d时,有效活菌数开始小于初始接种值。随着接种时间的延长,菇渣处理的有效活菌数呈一直下降趋势。鸡粪和蚯蚓粪,尤其是鸡粪是适宜的Pseudomonas YT3吸附载体。The current study was conducted to determine whether different agricultural organic waste, namely, chicken manure, vermicompost, mushroom residue, and peat, could be used as carrier for microbial fertilizer by inoculating plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria（PGPR）. PGPR are the rhizosphere bacteria that can enhance plant growth through a wide variety of mechanisms. The potential of PGPR in agriculture is gradually increasing because it offers an attractive way to replace chemical fertilizer use. Therefore, a bacterial strain with known positive effects on plant growth, named Pseudomonas YT3, was selected in the present investigation. Considering the resource utilization of agricultural organic wastes, the physico-chemical properties, bacterial strain release rate, effective live bacteria, and germination index in the 40th day were investigated. The result showed that the water absorption rate of chicken manure was the lowest, whereas the Pseudomonas YT3 release rate, measured at 93.08%, was the highest among all the four organic wastes. In addition, the water absorption rate of mushroom residue was highest, whereas the bacterial strain release rate was the lowest. The phytotoxicity of different organic wastes was measured with the germination index of alfalfa seeds cultured in the microbial fertilizer solution. The results indicated that, all of the germination indices, except for the mushroom residue, were above 80%, and the solution can be beneficial to plant seed development, but with no phytotoxicity. The numbers of these strains on chicken manure, vermicompost, and peat had a significantly increased. On the 30th day after inoculating Pseudomonas YT3, the numbers of the strain were highest at 8.9×10^8 CFU·g^-1, 7.5×10^8 CFU·g^-1, and 5.9×10^8 CFU·g^-1, which were increased by 560%, 326%, and 187% from their initial amounts, respectively. On the 180th day after inoculating the strain, the numbers of Pseudomonas YT3 were lower than their initial amounts. Although mushroom residue had higher initial in

关 键 词：载体 有机废弃物 草炭 微生物 肥料 假单胞菌 

分 类 号：S144.1[农业科学—肥料学]