青海云杉母树林害虫天敌资源保护利用的研究  

A Preliminary Study on the Use and Protection of the Natural Enemies of Insect Pests in the Seed Stands of Picea crassifolia

作　　者：汪有奎 尹承陇 白志强 张耀荣 李进军[4] 杨全生 

机构地区：[1]甘肃祁连山自然保护区管理局,甘肃张掖734000 [2]甘肃省林木种苗管理总站,甘肃兰州730046 [3]甘肃省森林病虫害防治检疫站,甘肃兰州730050 [4]甘肃省天祝藏族自治县林业局,甘肃天祝733200

出　　处：《林业科学研究》2000年第4期416-422,共7页Forest Research

基　　金：甘肃省科委"九五"科技攻关项目!"青海云杉种实害虫综合防治技术研究"部分内容

摘　　要：采集鉴定出青海云杉母树林害虫的天敌昆虫 135种 ,其中寄生性昆虫 54种 ,捕食性昆虫 81种。查到天敌昆虫省内新记录 6 5种 ,查清了主要害虫天敌种类。种实害虫优势种云杉球果小卷蛾的寄生蜂 14种 ,总寄生率 10 %～ 6 0 % ,主要为曲姬蜂、马尾姬蜂和球果平胸姬小蜂 3种。在结实大年结合采种收集球果 ,于结实小年释放寄生蜂 ,可提高害虫的天敌寄生率 36 .5%～ 38.2 % ,降低虫果率 55.1%One hundred and thirty five species (including subspecies) of natural enemies of the insect pests in the seed stands of Picea crassifolia Kom.in the Qilian Mountains in Qinhai Province were collected and identified.Among them 54 species were parasitoids and 81 predatory insects.The major species of the natural enemies of the important pests and the 14 species of the parasitoids of Pseudotomides strobibellus, which is the predomitory species of the seed and cone pests,were found.The total parasitic rate is 10%～60%,primarily by Scambus sp., Megashyssa sp.and Hyssopus nigritulus. Collecting the damaged seed cones in the on year and releasing parasitoids in the off year can increase the parasitic rate to 36.5%～38.2% and decrease the rate of damaged seed cones to 55.1%.

关 键 词：青海云杉 母树林 害虫 天敌资源 保护利用 

分 类 号：S763.711.8[农业科学—森林保护学] S763.306.4[农业科学—林学]