密植圆柱形梨盛果期树相指标及光照特性分析  

Study on the tree-structure indexes and light characteristics of full bearing trees with a pillar system in a high-density pear orchard

作　　者：杨馥霞[1] 乔进春[1] 张玉星[1] 朱梅玲[1] 

机构地区：[1]河北农业大学园艺学院,河北保定071001

出　　处：《河北农业大学学报》2013年第3期39-44,共6页Journal of Hebei Agricultural University

基　　金：河北省科技厅科技创新项目(11220603D)

摘　　要：密植梨圆柱形树形盛果期树体结构为:主干高60cm左右,树高300cm以下,中心干上均匀着生18～22个大、中型枝组,整行呈篱壁形;每hm2枝量53.0～66.8万条,以短枝和短果枝为主,占总枝量的70%～76%;营养枝与结果枝的比例约为1∶1.5;果园覆盖率控制在60%以下,叶面积系数在3.6～4.6之间,树篱总体受光良好;单位面积的产量达到86～100t/hm2;果实可溶性固形物含量达到12%以上。综合分析表明,梨圆柱形树形具有树势稳定,光照条件良好,土地利用率高,产量高,管理技术简化,便于机械化作业等优点。The tree-structure indexes of full bearing trees were studied with a pillar system in a pear orchard. The results showed that the appropriate trunk height was 60 cm with a tree height of 300 cm. Around the central leader 18--22 large and medium bearing shoot groups were distributed, forming a hedgerow in a line. Converting to（5.3--6.6）X 10s ones per hec- tare. The percentage of spurs was about 70%--76% with a ratio of growing to bearing woods being 1 ： 1.5. The ground coverage was below 60% with a leaf area index of 3.6--4.6;Aver- agely, the output ranged above 86 t/hm2 to 100 t/hm2. The fruit SSC was above 12%. In con- clusion, there were many advantages with respect to the pillar system, such as stable tree vig- or, good light reception, higher land availability and output, simple management and conven- ience for mechanical operation, etc.

关 键 词：密植 圆柱形 树相指标 冠层特性 产量 

分 类 号：S661.2[农业科学—果树学]