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机构地区:[1]中央财经大学商学院 [2]中国社会科学院工业经济研究所
出 处:《经济研究》2013年第6期19-32,共14页Economic Research Journal
基 金:国家自然科学基金项目"中国企业研发效率及其影响因素研究"(70902002);北京市自然科学基金项目"北京企业研发效率及其影响因素研究--基于前沿分析的视角"(9102019);教育部"新世纪优秀人才支持计划";中央财经大学"211工程"重点学科建设项目的资助
摘 要:通过引入同时包含国内技术开发和国外技术引进的知识生产函数,本文构建了基于后发经济的内生技术进步增长模型,从而探讨了赶超国家技术创新和经济增长的决定机制,并特别关注国内外技术差距、国内技术创新路线和资本积累过程的影响。模型分析的主要结果有:(1)后发国家的经济增长速度会收敛到领先国家水平,但绝对收入水平的赶超幅度取决于研发效率、家庭偏好和生产结构因素;(2)技术水平差距是决定国家间经济发展差异和赶超过程的关键,其影响远远大于有效劳均资本存量差距;(3)后发国家的技术创新路线,特别是国内与国外成果的关系会对其研发行为和投入结构产生决定性影响;(4)均衡利率由有效劳均资本而不是绝对人均资本存量决定,技术水平过低反而会导致落后经济的资本回报率低于发达经济,不利于资本积累;(5)除技术差距外,研发收益还与经济发展水平有关,因而技术进步率会呈现先低后高再平稳回落的态势。This paper develops an endogenous technological progress model based on the late-coming economy with advantages of backwardness, in which both domestic innovations and technological imports are essential for the productivity improvement. The main results of the model are: (1) the growth rate of the follower will converge to that of the leader, but the equilibrium difference of income level depends on the former's R&D efficiency, household preference and the production structure ; (2) the evolution of income disparity between the developing and developed economy rests heavily on the change of technological gap rather than that of capital stock per efficiency labor; (3) the technological progress path in the lagging country, especially the relationship between the innovations and simulations, will decide the R&D structure choice; (4) the low technological level will bring down the real interest rate and do harm to the capital accumulation in the less- developed economy, by inducing a relative high capital level per efficiency labor; (5) the equilibrium intensity of R&D is related to not only the technological gap hut also the profits of innovations, so the growth rate of follower's productivity will overshoot from the bottom at first and then converge to the steady state.
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