湿地生态系统土壤微生物研究进展  

Review on the Study of Soil Microorganisms in Wetland Ecosystems

作　　者：刘银银[1,2] 李峰[1] 孙庆业[2] 谢永宏[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院亚热带农业生态研究所亚热带农业生态过程重点实验室洞庭湖湿地生态观测研究站,长沙410125 [2]安徽大学资源与环境工程学院,合肥230601

出　　处：《应用与环境生物学报》2013年第3期547-552,共6页Chinese Journal of Applied and Environmental Biology

基　　金：国家重点基础研究发展计划项目(2012CB417005);中国科学院知识创新工程重要方向性项目(KZCX2-YW-435);国家自然科学基金面上项目(31070325)资助~~

摘　　要：土壤微生物是湿地生态系统的重要组成部分,在物质循环、能量流动等生态过程中具有重要作用.本文综述了湿地土壤微生物功能、微生物研究方法及环境因子对微生物的作用机制等的研究现状.微生物的功能主要体现在元素循环、物质转化、能量流动及生态修复等多个方面;研究方法主要包括传统的微生物计数法、微生物生理指标方法及分子技术3类;此外,从自然因子和人为因子两方面综述了各环境因子对土壤微生物的影响及作用机制.在今后的研究中,需加强湿地生态系统中微生物功能机理、环境因子与微生物间关联性的研究,同时在研究方法上应注重传统方法和分子技术的结合.As one of the most important components of the wetland ecosystem, soil microorganisms play an important role in many ecological processes including material cycle and energy flow. In this paper, we reviewed the functions of wetland soil microorganisms, related research methods, and the influencing mechanisms of environmental factors on microorganisms. The functions of soil microorganisms are mainly represented by elements cycling, material transformation, energy flow and ecological restoration, etc. The research methods of soil microorganisms mainly include traditional microorganisms counting method, microorganisms physiological indexes method, and molecular technique. The influencing mechanisms of various environmental factors on microorganisms were mainly reviewed from two aspects： natural factors and anthropic factor. Finally, further studies should be focused on the mechanisms of microorganism functions, the correlation between environmental factors and microorganisms, as well as the combination of traditional methods with molecular techniques. Ref 51

关 键 词：土壤微生物 微生物功能 湿地生态系统 分子技术 环境因子 

分 类 号：S154.36[农业科学—土壤学]