城镇化进程中失地农民职业分化及其影响因素研究  

Occupational Differentiation and Influencing Factors of Land-lost Farmers During Urbanization

作　　者：陈浩[1] 陈雪春[1] 谢勇[2] 

机构地区：[1]江苏大学管理学院,江苏镇江212013 [2]南京农业大学公共管理学院,江苏南京210095

出　　处：《中国人口·资源与环境》2013年第6期72-79,共8页China Population,Resources and Environment

基　　金：国家社会科学基金青年项目"我国城镇化进程中失地农户劳动供给决策与就业发展研究"(编号:12CGL074);国家统计局统计科研重点项目"城市化进程中失地农民的就业分化统计分析与对策研究"(编号:2011LZ002);教育部人文社科基金项目"长三角地区农户兼业行为及其彻底离农化对策研究"(编号:10YJA790016);江苏省青蓝工程人才项目

摘　　要：本文分析了城镇化土地征用背景下失地农民的职业层次分化及其影响因素,在此基础上运用长三角地区858个失地农民数据进行了实证研究。结果表明,征地后,失地农民群体不仅经历了就业模式转型,且在职业层次方面也呈现出进一步分化特征,其中处于职业低层与高层之间失地农民就业发展差距有所拉大;而运用Multinomial Logit模型显示,人力资本是造成失地农民群体职业分化的核心因素,相比而言,低人力资本水平构成了征地后农民获取高层次职业的主要障碍,此外,征地用途、补偿方式等征地因素对失地农民职业行为也构成一定的影响。文章认为,新时期我国城镇化发展要将促进区域就业增长和民生福利改善作为重要战略目标之一,在土地征用补偿政策上,要从单纯重视对失地农民短期"经济补偿",向扶持其个体及家庭人力资本投资以增强长期非农职业发展之"能力补偿"转变,以构筑促其市民化转型的长效机制。This paper mainly analyzes land-lost farmers＇ professional level differentiation and the influencing factors under the background of land requisition in the process of urbanization. Then the paper does an empirical research on the data of 858 households＇ land-lost farmers in the Yangtze River Delta. It shows that the land-lost farmers not only experiences structural transformation, but also present a significant further occupational differentiation because of the land requisition, which has enlarged the lap of land-lost farmers employment development between the lower and higher levels. Moreover, It is found that human capital is a core factor to land-lost farmers＇ occupational differentiation by using the Multinomial Logit model method. Namely, the low-level human capital, in contrast, becomes a main obstacle of land-lost farmers＇ obtaining the high-level profession. In addition, the factors of land expropriation system such as type of land-use, land expropriation compensation mode, have also some effects on land-lost farmers＇ professional behavior. The suggestion is that the strategy of urbanization development in the new period should pay more attention on promoting regional employment growth as well as improving the quality of life. The policy of land expropriation compensation should be transformed from the short-term ＂economic compensation＂ to the enhancement of long-term non-agricultural profession development so as to support human capital investment the of land-lost farmer and his family members, in order to build a long-term mechanism promoting the transformation of the urbanization

关 键 词：失地农民 职业分化 土地征用 MULTINOMIAL LOGIT模型 长三角地区 

分 类 号：F301[经济管理—产业经济]