豫西山区冷涡影响下的冰雹过程诊断分析  

Hail Process Diagnosis Analysis under the Influence of old Vortex in Mountainous Area of Western Henan Province

作　　者：魏润生 

机构地区：[1]河南省三门峡市气象局,河南三门峡472000

出　　处：《宁夏农林科技》2013年第5期72-73,96,F0003,共4页Journal of Ningxia Agriculture and Forestry Science and Technology

基　　金：河南省科技攻关计划项目"河南省地强天气短时临近预报预警技术研究"(112102310033)

摘　　要：利用常规气象资料和NCEP再分析资料,对2011年7月16~18日冷涡系统的生成发展、移动轨迹及其强度变化进行了分析;并研究了冷涡影响下的强对流天气与冷涡分裂的冷空气、湿度层结及水汽条件的关系,探讨了豫西山区冷涡影响下的冰雹预报的着眼点和大气层结特征。结果显示,华北冷涡为豫西山区冰雹的发生提供了触发机制和不稳定层结。冷涡后部冷空气南下,在干线附近容易引发强对流天气;＂上干下湿＂的特征使对流不稳定度增强,午后由于地面增温,高层冷平流南侵与边界层暖平流形成差动温度平流,垂直温度梯度和风切变较大,有利于冰雹的产生。By using conventional meteorological data and NCEP reanalysis data, the formation, the development, mobile track and its strength changes of cold vortex were analyzed. The relationship among the cold air,humidity stratification and water vapor conditions of strong convective weather and the division of cold vortex under the influence of cold vortex were analyzed. A focal point of the hail forecast and atmosphere characteristics under the influence of cold vortex in western Henan Province were discussed. The results showed that： cold vortex of north China provided the trigger mechanism and unstable layer for the occurrence of hail. The cold air was southward at the back of cold vortex, and near the trunk line was easy to cause strong convective weather. The feature of ＂upside dry and underside wet＂ made convective instability enhance, afternoon due to ground warming, high-level cold advection invading south and boundary layer formed different temperature advection temperature gradient and wind shear vertical were larger, and was helpful for the generation of hail. The greater convection effective potential energy （CAPE） was, the more intense convection was, and was more easy to form a thunderstorm. Low-level existed inversion layer, and reducing of 0, 20 ℃ characteristic layer provided favorable conditions for the growth of hail embryo.

关 键 词：冰雹 冷涡 大气层结 组合反射率 

分 类 号：P459.1[天文地球—大气科学及气象学]