2012年韶关市农村饮用水供水及水质状况调查  

Drinking Water Supply and Water Quality in Rural Areas of Shaoguan in 2012

作　　者：丰建国[1] 倪秀锋 卢志坚[1] 郜文秀[2] 刘玉[1] 卢学会 陈利军[1] 崔文娟[1] 

机构地区：[1]韶关市疾病预防控制中心,广东韶关512028 [2]韶关学院医学院

出　　处：《职业卫生与病伤》2013年第3期154-156,共3页Occupational Health and Damage

摘　　要：目的掌握广东省韶关市农村饮用水供水情况及水质状况,为政府相关部门制订农村饮水安全建设提供参考依据。方法根据2012年韶关市农村水质监测网报资料,对供水情况及水质检测结果进行统计分析。结果全市农村共有2 218个集中式供水设施,覆盖人口165.47万,占全市农村人口的66.44%。集中式供水设施中采用完全处理工艺的仅占0.90%,采用沉淀过滤处理工艺的占42.88%,没有采取任何处理措施的占55.00%。全市农村共有分散式供水点29 775个,覆盖人口83.60万,占全市农村人口的33.56%,分散式供水以浅井水为主要水源,占总数的71.86%。全年监测水样1 254份,总合格率为43.94%,枯水期和丰水期合格率分别为46.82%和41.05%,差异有统计学意义(χ2=4.224,P<0.05)。单项指标合格率较低的指标依次是:总大肠菌群、耐热大肠菌群、浊度、菌落总数、pH值,合格率分别为:52.79%、54.21%、82.77%、89.55%和92.98%。结论广东省韶关市农村分散式供水人口比例仍较高,水质合格率仍偏低,其中微生物超标是导致水质合格率偏低的主要原因,需继续加快农村饮水工程建设,加强水质处理管理。Objective To understand the status of rural water supply and the water quality, and to provide references for further improvement of rural drinking water safety. Methods Data of water supply and water quality were collected from water quality monitoring network and were statistically analyzed. Results There were 2 218 central water supply facili- ties in the whole rural areas of Shaoguan ,which covered 66. 44% of the whole rural population. Only 0. 90% of central water supply facilities were equipped with complete process treatment facilities and the proportion of those with sedi- ment -filter treatment were 42. 88%. As a whole,55.00% of central water supply equipped with no treatment meas- ure. There were totally 29 775 decentralized water supply facilities, covering 33.56% of the population in the area. The facilities were mainly shallow wells（71.86% ）. The total qualified rates of 1 254 water samples were 43.94%, and that of in dry season and in rainy season were respectively 46. 82% and 41.05% ,with statistical significance between the two （χ2 = 4. 224, P 〈 0. 05 ）. The qualified rates for total coliforms, thermotolerant coliform bacteria, turbidity, total num- bers of colony and pH were respectively 52. 79% ,54.21%, 82. 77 %, 89.55 % and 92. 98 %, respectively. Conclusion The proportion of decentralized water supply is still considerably high in rural areas in Shaoguan, while the qualified rate of the water quality is low. Exceeding microorganism is the main pollution route for drinking water quality. Thus,the construction of rural drinking water projects and water quality management should be timely strengthened.

关 键 词：农村饮用水 供水情况 水质状况 

分 类 号：R123.1[医药卫生—环境卫生学]