不同砧木处理方法对3种橡胶树芽接苗生长的影响  

Effects of Different Rootstock Treatments on the Growth of Three Kinds of Budding of Rubber Tree

作　　者：周珺[1] 王军[1] 林位夫[1,2] 蔡明道[1] 张日庆[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国热带农业科学院橡胶研究所,海南儋州571737 [2]儋州热带作物科学观测试验站,海南儋州571737

出　　处：《中国农学通报》2013年第16期29-31,共3页Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin

基　　金：现代农业产业技术体系建设专项"国家天然橡胶产业技术体系种苗繁育岗位科学家经费"(CARS-34-GW4);国家自然科学基金"不同产量水平的橡胶芽接树砧木特性的比较研究"(31272231)

摘　　要：为了缩小橡胶树芽接苗砧木芽对砧木养分的消耗,缩短接穗的待抽芽时间,减少抹芽用工,降低育苗成本,采用截砧和折砧2种砧木处理方法,对目前生产上常用的3种橡胶树芽接苗(小苗芽接袋苗、籽苗芽接袋苗、籽苗芽接杯苗)的砧木进行处理,比较分析这2种方法对橡胶树芽接苗砧木芽、接穗出芽及生长情况。结果表明:(1)折砧处理可极显著减少橡胶树芽接苗2～5次的抹芽次数及3.5～13倍的抹芽用工。(2)折砧处理可极显著提高橡胶树袋育苗10%～20%的抽芽率和成苗率,截砧处理可使籽苗芽接苗的苗木质量提高20%～45%。(3)培育橡胶树小苗芽接苗时,宜采用折砧方法处理砧木;培育籽苗芽接苗时,宜采用截砧方法处理砧木。In order to reduce nutrient consumption of budding rootstock and scion budding time, decrease sprouting employment and the cost of breeding in rubber tree seedling cultivation. In this study, the cutting and folding rootstock treatments were used to deal with three kinds of budding rootstock of rubber tree （bag of green budding, bag of minibudding, cup of mini-budding） in production, the budding and growth of rootstock and scion were analyzed comparatively on the different rootstock treatments of rubber tree. The results showed that： （1） 2-5 times of bud picking times and 3.5-13 times of bud picking labor were decreased significantly after folding rootstock treatment for budding of rubber tree. （2） 10%-20% sprouting and surviving rates were increased significantly after folding rootstock treatment for bag of rubber tree budding, 20%-45% seedling quality was improved after cutting rootstock treatment for mini-budding of rubber tree. （3） Folding rootstock treatment would be better than cutting rootstock treatment when cultivating green budding of rubber tree, but cutting rootstock treatment would be better of mini-budding cultivation.

关 键 词：橡胶树芽接苗 截砧处理 折砧处理 砧木 接穗 

分 类 号：S59[农业科学—作物学]