葡萄霜霉病田间调查及防治效果试验  

A Field Survey and Control Efficacy Test of Grape Downy Mildew

作　　者：胡盼[1] 李兴红[2] 张夏兰[1] 耿文龙[1] 蔡欣楠[1] 刘正坪[1] 魏艳敏[1] 

机构地区：[1]北京农学院植物科学技术学院,北京102206 [2]北京市农林科学院植保环保所,北京100081

出　　处：《中国农学通报》2013年第16期181-185,共5页Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin

基　　金：现代农业产业技术体系建设专项资金资助(CARS-30-bc-2)

摘　　要：葡萄霜霉病是中国葡萄产区的重要病害之一,为了该病害的防治,2012年笔者调查了北京地区30个不同葡萄品种霜霉病的田间发生情况,并对病情指数进行了差异显著性和聚类分析。结果发现:30个葡萄品种被划分为4类:第1类包括‘甲斐乙女’、87-1、‘京早晶’、‘黑奥林’、‘红富士’、‘奥迪亚无核’和‘红伊豆’,田间发病程度最重,病情指数为61.63～49.96;第2类包括‘茉莉’、‘贵妃玫瑰’、‘秋黑’、‘亚都蜜’、‘龙宝’、‘美人指’和‘红宝石无核’,发病程度较重,病情指数为44.91～28.56;第3类包括‘红双味’‘、玫瑰香’‘、里扎马特’‘、无核早红’‘、世纪无核’‘、亚历山大’和‘黄意大利’,发病程度中等,病情指数为23.86～12.64;第4类包括‘葡萄园皇后’、‘巨峰’、‘香妃’、‘魏可’、‘醉金香’、‘藤捻’、‘红脸无核’、‘夏黑’和‘黎明无核’,发病最轻,病情指数为10.47～3.78。调查结果一定程度上反映了这些品种在生产上对霜霉病的抗性,为抗病品种的利用提供了参考依据。另外,试验还在田间进行了6种农药对霜霉病防治效果的比较,结果发现它们对葡萄霜霉病均有较好的防治效果。其中,代森锰锌、波尔多液和百菌清效果最好,可达87.23%～76.48%,它们可作为田间防治霜霉病的推荐药剂。Grape downy mildew is one of the most serious diseases in many vineyards in China. In 2012, a survey of grape downy mildew on 30 different grape cultivars had been conducted in Beijing vineyards. And these grape cultivars, based on their disease indexes, were classified and evaluated by significance and cluster analysis. It was showed that： 30 table cultivars could be divided into 4 groups： group 1, Kaiotome, 87-1, Jingzaojing, Black Olympia, Benifuji, Otilia Seedless and Beniizuand, appeared the highest disease index （61.63-49.96）; group 2, Jasimine, Yellow Rose, Autumn Black, Yatomi Rosa, Ryuho, Calmeria and Ruby Seedless, appeared higher （44.91-28.56）; group 3, Hongshuangwei, Muscat Hamburg, Rizamat, Wuhezaohong, Centennial Seedless, Alexander and Italia, appeared medium （23.86-12.64）; group 4, Queen of Vineyard, Kyoho, Xiangfei, Wink, Zuijinxiang, Fujiminori, Blush Seedless, Summer Black and Dawn Seedless, appeared the lowest disease index （10.47-3.78）. In addition, the efficacy of 6 fungicides treatments for control of the disease was compared in field. It showed that： 6 fungicides all had good effectiveness, and among them, Mancozeb, Bouillie Bordelaise RSR and Chlorothalonil had best effectiveness and their control effects were87.23%-76.48%. The results would be import direction for the management of grape downy mildew by using the resistant cuhivars and efficacious fungicides.

关 键 词：葡萄霜霉病(Plasmopara viticola) 品种 病情指数 药效 

分 类 号：S436.631.19[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治]