适宜机械化栽培的甘蓝型油菜农艺性状与单株产量的相关性分析及耐密油菜育种探讨  

Correlation Analysis of Agronomic Traits and Yield Per Plant in Brassica napus L. of Suitable Mechanization Planting and Study of Breeding of Tolerance Close Planting Canola

作　　者：关周博[1,2] 田建华 郑磊[1,2] 姚雪雁 韦世豪[1,2] 李少钦 董育红[1,2] 李殿荣 

机构地区：[1]陕西省杂交油菜研究中心,陕西大荔715105 [2]国家油料作物改良中心陕西油菜分中心,陕西大荔715105

出　　处：《中国农学通报》2013年第18期79-83,共5页Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin

基　　金：国家现代农业产业技术体系建设专项(CARS-13);"十二五""863"课题"强优势油菜杂交种的创制与应用"(2011AA10A104);陕西省科技统筹创新工程计划项目"高油高产优质杂交油菜新品种选育"(2011KTZB02-01-03)

摘　　要：分析适宜机械化栽培的甘蓝型油菜农艺性状与单株产量的相关性及耐密油菜育种探讨,为选育耐密种植,适合轻简化收获的油菜提供理论基础。对农艺性状与单株产量的灰色关联度、通径分析和因子分析进行研究。结果表明:单株有效角果数、每角粒数和分枝数的关联度最大,在相关性中,株高、单株有效角果数、每角粒数与单株产量呈现显著相关,而且性状内部也存在着相关性,对单株产量的直接作用大小为:单株有效角果数>主花序有效角果数>每角粒数>结角密度>千粒重>株高>分枝部位>主花序长>分枝数。因子分析表明:株高、分枝部位、主花序长、主花序角果数、单株有效角果数在农艺性状中累计贡献率占到了总体的74.99%,起到了主要作用。在选育中应加强主花序有效角果数和结角密度的选择,分枝部位要合适,减少无效分枝数,注重株型结构性状的选择,从而努力提高角粒数和千粒重,为有效提高单株产量打下基础。Analysis correlation of agronomic traits and yield per plant in Brassica napus L. of suitable mechanization planting and study of breeding of tolerance close planting canola, to provide theoretical foundation of breeding tolerance close planting rapeseed and suitable for light simplify harvesting rapeseed. Through analyzing the grey correlation degree path analysis and factor analysis between agronomic trait and signal pant yield. The results showed that, correlation degree of effective pod number per plant, per pod grain number, branch number was the highest. In correlation plant height, effective pod number per plant, per pod grain number and signal plant yield had significant correlation, and among trait existed correlation. Direct action to signal plant yield showed： effective pod number per plant 〉 main inflorescence pod number 〉 per pod grain number 〉 pod density 〉 thousand grain weight 〉 plant height 〉 branch height 〉 main inflorescence length 〉 branch number. Factor analysis showed that, cumulative contribution rate of the plant height, branchheight, main inflorescence length, main intlorescence accounted for 74.99% of the total, and played a leading pod number and etIeetlve role. In the breeding should poet number per plant strengthen selection the main inflorescence effective pod number and pod density, branch height must be appropriate, reduce invalid branch number, pay attention to select plant type structure character, thus to improve per pod grain number and thousand grain weight, to lay the foundation for improve signal plant yield.

关 键 词：机械化 油菜 农艺性状 单株产量 相关性 

分 类 号：S565.4[农业科学—作物学]