拳击后手勾拳下肢快速发力对出拳速度的影响  

Effect of lower Limbs fast drive force on punch speed in back hook punch

作　　者：苏彦炬[1,2] 吴贻刚[1] 袁艳[3] 

机构地区：[1]上海体育学院体育教育训练学院,上海200438 [2]河北经贸大学体育部,河北石家庄050061 [3]江西师范大学体育学院,江西南昌330027

出　　处：《山东体育学院学报》2013年第3期55-61,共7页Journal of Shandong Sport University

基　　金：上海市科学技术委员会科研项目(09490503400)

摘　　要：目的:探讨拳击运动员后手勾拳击打的过程中,下肢快速蹬地发力对出拳速度的影响,为下肢专项力量训练提供理论参考。方法:运用两块测力台和三维红外高速摄像系统进行同步测试,采集16名优秀男子拳击运动员以后手勾拳全力击打固定目标过程中,双脚地面支撑反作用力及运动学相关数据。积极蹬地发力阶段,前、后脚蹬地最大力量/体重、快速力量指数/体重、蹬地达到最大力量峰值的时间分别与出拳速度进行相关分析,从中选取呈显著相关的快速力量参数与出拳速度进行曲线估计,拟合度最高的曲线模型计算相应的回归方程。结果:前、后脚蹬地最大力量/体重、快速力量指数/体重与出拳速度之间直线模型拟合度最高,均呈显著正相关(P<0.01),蹬地达到最大力量峰值的时间与出拳速度二次曲线模型拟合度最高,呈曲线关系(P<0.01)。结论:1)拳击运动员后手勾拳击打的过程中,双脚积极蹬地发力阶段快速发力对出拳速度均具有显著影响。2)提高双脚积极蹬地发力阶段蹬地最大力量有助于提升后手勾拳出拳速度。3)双脚积极蹬地发力阶段,一定范围内,缩短蹬地的发力时间有助于提升出拳速度。4)提高双脚积极蹬地发力阶段发力速度有助于提升后手勾拳出拳速度。5)后手勾拳下肢快速发力对出拳速度影响同肢体快速发力对自身动作速度的影响显示出趋于一致的规律。Objective： The purpose of this study is to analyze the effect of lower limbs fast drive force on the punch speed in back hook punch, in order to provide a theoretical reference for the specific boxing strength training. Methods：Three -dimensional video graphic and two KISTLER force -plate were used synchronized, and 16 elite male boxers performed their best back hook punch on Chinese Kung Fu testing engineering. We collected the parameters of force -plate, kinematics parameters and the speed of punch. Take a relative analysis on speed strenh oarameters of double feet and thpunch speed, then selected the significant relativity parameters made a curve to estimate the relation between the parameters of speed strength and the punch speed respectively, also selected the highest fitting model to calculate the corresponding regression equation. Results ： There are highest linear fitting degree between double feet maximum strength/weight, speed, this showed a linear positive correlation （ P 〈 0.01 ） speed strength index/weight and punch ; and there is highest curve fitting degree between the time of reach maximum force peak and punch speed, this showed a curvilinear relationship（P 〈0.01 ）. Conclusion： 1. back hook punching, double feet fast drive force in active push -off phase has a significant impact on punching speed. 2. Enhanced double feet maximum force is very important to improve the speed of back hook punch in active push -off phase. 3. Shorten the time reach maximum force peak are helpful to improve the speed of back hook punch in active push -off phase within a certain range. 4. Improving the speed of the double feet drive force are very important to improve the speed of back hook punch in active push - off phase. 5. As a whole body multi -joint project, the effect of lower limbs fast drive force on punch speed in back hook punch has the same law as same limb fast drive force effect on it＇s own movement soeed .

关 键 词：拳击 后手勾拳 下肢 专项力量 快速发力 出拳速度 

分 类 号：G886.1[文化科学—体育训练]