激光扫描技术应用于细沟侵蚀的研究——以东北典型黑土区为例  

Research on Rill Erosion by Laser Scanner Technology:Take the Tipical Black Soil Area of Northeast China for Example

作　　者：王珊[1] 史明昌[1] 王昆[1] 岳鹏[1] 

机构地区：[1]北京林业大学林学院,北京100083

出　　处：《四川农业大学学报》2013年第2期188-192,共5页Journal of Sichuan Agricultural University

基　　金："948"水利部科技推广中心引进国际引进水利科学技术计划项目

摘　　要：【目的】使用德国引进设备3D激光地貌分析仪研究多场降雨下细沟侵蚀过程,为解释黑土区细沟侵蚀过程提供理论依据。【方法】根据试验地多年自然降雨参数设计人工降雨参数,使用人工降雨设备,在坡度为5°的标准径流小区上进行7场等强度人工降雨,每场降雨后使用3D激光地貌分析仪对地表进行扫描,观测细沟侵蚀的发展过程。【结果】平均产流率及输沙率大体呈现先增大后减小的趋势,平均产流率及平均输沙率最大值分别出现在第3场降雨及第4场降雨时,值分别为3.30L/min及200.57g/(m2.min);细沟侵蚀强度由第1场降雨的2.061kg/m2最终发展为第7场的7.295kg/m2,增大了约2.54倍。【结论】使用3D激光地貌分析仪进行细沟侵蚀的监测是可行的,研究区内随着降雨时间的推移,细沟侵蚀是一个不断稳定加强的过程。[Objective] The objective of this study was to study the rill erosion process of 7 rainfall by 3D analysis laser made in German, then to provide a theoretical basis to explain the rill erosion process of blank soil area. [Method] Design the artificial rainfall parameters according to the natural rainfall for many years. Using artificial rainfall equipment, rainning on standard runoff plot of 5°for 7 times. Scan the surface after each rainfall,the rill erosion process can be observed. [Results] The tend of average and sediment transport rate is generally similar which increases at first and then decreases. The maximum value of them are 3.30 L/min and 200.57 g/（m^2· min）, happened in the third and the forth rainfall. From the beginning to the end during the rianfall process, the intensity of rill erosion increased from 2. 061 kg/m^2 to 7. 295 kg/m^2. [Conclusion] The result indicates that the rill erosion monitoring is feasible based on the 3D analysis laser. With the rainfall time going on in the study area, the rill erosion is a process of constantly steady and reinforcement.

关 键 词：典型黑土区 细沟侵蚀 3D激光地貌分析仪 

分 类 号：S157.1[农业科学—土壤学]