盐度对刺参碳、氮收支影响的初步研究  

Effects of salinity on carbon and nitrogen budgets in sea cucumber Apostichopus japonicus

作　　者：孟雷明[1,2] 王丽丽[1] 雷艳[1,2] 姚翔[1] 李燕[2] 李莉[3] 

机构地区：[1]国家海洋环境监测中心,辽宁大连116023 [2]大连海洋大学水产与生命学院,辽宁大连116023 [3]国家海洋局秦皇岛海洋环境监测中心站,河北秦皇岛066002

出　　处：《大连海洋大学学报》2013年第1期34-38,共5页Journal of Dalian Ocean University

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(30871932);海洋公益性行业科研专项(200805069);农业部暨辽宁省省级高校海洋水产增养殖学与生物技术重点开放实验室开放课题(K2006-02)

摘　　要：在温度为(15.0±0.5)℃条件下研究了不同盐度(22.0、27.0、31.5、36.0)对刺参Apostichopusjaponicus生长和碳、氮收支的影响,建立了不同盐度下刺参的碳、氮收支方程。试验刺参体质量为(37.53±1.84)g,将刺参放于品字形循环水槽(40 cm×30 cm×30 cm,水体约为35 L)中饲养,试验共进行28d。结果表明:盐度为31.5的试验组刺参特定生长率(SGR)显著高于其他各组(P<0.05),达到了1.6%/d;不同盐度下刺参对碳、氮的摄食率分别为72.32～127.85 mg/(g.d)和6.59～11.65 mg/(g.d),盐度为31.5时刺参对碳、氮的摄食率最大,盐度升高或降低均导致刺参对碳、氮的摄食率降低;刺参摄食饲料中的碳后,通过粪便排出的碳达到了61.3%～74.4%,其次是呼吸消耗碳(21.7%～34.9%),用于生长的碳最少(3.8%～4.7%);刺参摄取的氮主要消耗在粪便中(56.6%～64.7%),其次是代谢消耗氮(27.0%～32.6%),用于生长的氮最少(7.4%～10.8%)。通过刺参的特定生长率和盐度对其碳、氮收支的影响可以看出,刺参生长的最适宜盐度为27.0～31.5,盐度的升高或降低均会导致刺参的生长减慢。Effects of salinity on growth,and carbon and nitrogen budgets were studied in sea cucumber Apostichopus japonicus juveniles at constant temperature of（15.0±0.5）℃.The sea cucumber with body weight of（37.53±1.84）g were reared in a circulating aquarium（40 cm×30 cm×30 cm,about 35 L） under different salinities（22.0,27.0,31.5,and 36.0） for 28 days.The specific growth rate（SGR） was shown to be significantly higher in the sea cucumber at a salinity of 31.5（1.6%/d） than at other salinities.The sea cucumber had carbon consumption from 72.32 to 127.85 mg/（g·d） and nitrogen consumption from 6.59 to 11.65 mg/（g·d）at various salinities,the maximal nitrogen and carbon consumption at a salinity of 31.5,and the lower nitrogen and carbon consumption at enhanced or decreased salinity.The established budget showed that the fecal carbon accounted for the major component from 61.3% to 74.4% in the ingested carbon,followed by respiratory carbon（21.7%-34.9%）,and（3.8%-4.7%） of carbon for growth.In the nitrogen budget,the maximal nitrogen was allotted to the feces（56.6%-64.7%）,followed by the metabolic exhaustion（27.0%-31.5%）,and（7.4%-10.8%） of nitrogen for growth.In conclusion,salinity from 27.0 to 32.6 is considered as the optimal salinity for Apostichopus japonicus growth,or poor growth at a salinity of above 31.5 or below 27.0.

关 键 词：盐度 刺参 生长 碳、氮收支 

分 类 号：Q178[生物学—水生生物学] Q958[生物学—普通生物学]