中华鳖药源性肝病模型的构建及其病理学观察  

Establishment of drug-induced liver disease model and pathological observation in soft shell turtle Trionyx sinensis

作　　者：陈彦伶[1,2] 牟群[1] 潘连德[1] 刘译浓[1] 王爱卿[1] 郑佳瑞[1] 邱进[1] 

机构地区：[1]上海海洋大学省部共建水产种质资源发掘与利用教育部重点实验室,上海201306 [2]四川省农科院水产研究所,四川宜宾644000

出　　处：《大连海洋大学学报》2013年第1期61-66,共6页Journal of Dalian Ocean University

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(39970582);上海市教育委员会重点项目(07ZZ135);上海市高校知识服务平台项目(ZF1206)

摘　　要：根据预试验结果,通过对人工饲养的中华鳖Trionyx sinensis投喂含2 g/kg(饲料)诺氟沙星和10 g/kg(饲料)土霉素的药饵,以及设定空白对照组(共8个试验组),构建中华鳖药源性肝病模型,运用组织与细胞病理学方法,研究患药源性肝病的中华鳖组织显微与亚显微结构的病理变化。结果表明:构建的药源性肝病模型中,诺氟沙星组阳性率最高(31.3%),土霉素组阳性率略低(15.0%),与诺氟沙星组和土霉素组池水相通的对照组阳性率较低(10.0%、5.0%),而4个空白对照组均未发现阳性个体;高剂量和长时间使用两种药物均可导致中华鳖出现典型的"白底板"症状;患药源性肝病的中华鳖肝、脾、肾均有不同程度的病变,其中肝组织病变最为严重,不管是个体还是群体病例的病理过程均符合非寄生性肝病特征。药物致中华鳖肝组织损害的组织病理过程是:在药毒作用下,起初表现为肝组织脂肪变性和炎症反应,肝静脉扩张、分支血液回流受阻,窦状隙扩张,肝淤血严重,体积增大显著,后期肝细胞索先于扩张的肝血窦变性和坏死,最终肝血窦也坏死,肝组织硬变并有肝性血样腹水产生;肝细胞内脂滴越来越多,核固缩变形,线粒体和高尔基体以及内质网膨胀而破碎,细胞膜破碎,炎性细胞数量多,细胞病变与组织病理具有一致性。药源性肝病的转归表明,当致病因素(大剂量药物饵料)撤销后,中华鳖有较强的恢复性,且土霉素组较诺氟沙星组康复的快。A drug-induced liver disease model was established in soft shell turtle Trionyx sinensis fed medicated diet containing norfloxacin at a dose of 2 g/kg and oxytetracyline at a dose of 10 g/kg（one blank control group）,and pathological changes in microscopic and ultramicroscopic structure were observed in the drug-induced the soft shell turtle tissues by tissue and cell pathology methods.The model showed that the maximal positive rate（31.3%） was found in the norfloxacin group,and a slightly lower positive rate（15.0%） in the oxytetracycline group.The positive rates were low in the control groups where the water was exchanged with the norfloxacin group（10.0%）and oxytetracycline group（5.0%）,and no positive individuals was found in the blank control group.Pathological anatomy analysis indicated that high doses and prolonged use of the two drugs led to ＂white abdominal shell＂ symptom in the drug-induced soft shell turtle.The different degrees of disease were found in liver,spleen and kidney of the drug-induced soft shell turtle,with the most severe lesions in the liver,or non-parasitic liver disease.As drug toxicity,the liver was initially manifested as hepatic steatosis and inflammation,expansion of the hepatic vein,blockage of branch blood returning,sinusoidal dilatation,and severe hepatic congestion and the liver were increased significantly in volume.Later,degeneration and necrosis were found in liver cell cord prior to the expansive hepatic sinusoid,and were ultimately found in hepatic sinusoid,hepatic sclerosis with blood ascites.Lipid droplets were more and more in the liver cells,karyopyknosis and deformation.The mitochondria,Golgi apparatus and endoplasmic reticulum were all expanded and broken,and the cell membranes were broken,increase in the inflammation cells.The soft shell turtle with drug-induced liver disease had strong rehabilitation when pathological factors（medicated diet containing large dose of drugs） were withdrawn,faster rehabilitated in the oxytetracyline group than tha

关 键 词：中华鳖 药源性肝病 “白底板”症状 组织与细胞病理学 肝病模型 

分 类 号：S941.69[农业科学—水产养殖]