一起幼儿园流行性腮腺炎暴发疫情调查  

Investigation on an outbreak of mumps in kindergarten

作　　者：曹妍[1] 李秀凯[1] 侯仕茂[1] 王毅[1] 蒲奎[1] 许华[1] 王培联[1] 冉定鑫[1] 

机构地区：[1]四川省阆中市疾病预防控制中心,637400

出　　处：《职业与健康》2013年第13期1652-1654,共3页Occupation and Health

摘　　要：目的调查1起流行性腮腺炎(简称流腮)暴发疫情流行特征和含腮疫苗对流行性腮腺炎的保护效果。方法按流腮诊断标准搜索病例进行疫情描述;收集儿童预防接种信息,利用疫苗保护效率即疫苗效能(VE),公式VE(%)=(未接种组发病率-接种组发病率)/未接种组发病率×100%=(1-RR)×100%计算疫苗保护效力。结果共搜索到126例病例,人群罹患率为11.42%(126/1 103)。全校22个班级中16个班有病例,未接种儿童罹患率为27.47%(64/233),接种儿童罹患率为10.78%(56/519),VE为61%。接种1剂次疫苗保护效力随接种时间间隔延长呈降低趋势。结论含腮疫苗接种是流腮的保护因素,疫苗保护效力随接种间隔时间延长呈降低趋势,建议在现有1剂次含腮疫苗接种的基础上,3年后再增加1剂次。[ Objective ] To investigate the epidemic characteristics of an outbreak of mumps and the protective effect of the vaccine on mumps. [ Methods ] Mumps cases were searched according to the diagnosis criteria of mumps to describe the epidemic situation, and the vaccination information of children were collected. The vaccine protection efficiency （ VE ） was calculated by this formula： VE （ % ） = （ incidence rate of unvaccinated group-incidence rate of vaccinated group ） / incidence rate of unvaccinated group × 100% = （ 1-RR} x 100%. [ Results] A total of 126 cases were searched, and the attack rate was 11.42% （ 126/1 103）. Among 22 classes in the kindergarten, the cases were reported in 16 classes. The attack rate of unvaccinated children was 27.47% （64/233） , and that of vaccinated chi]dren was 10.78% （56/519） , with VE of 61%. Vaccine protective efficacy showed a decreasing trend with time interval of once vaccination. [ Conclusion ] Mumps vaccine is a protective factor of mumps. The vaccine protective efficacy shows a decreasing trend with time interval, so it is recommended that an additional dose of vaccine should be carried out three years after first dose mumps vaccination.

关 键 词：流行性腮腺炎 暴发 调查 

分 类 号：R181[医药卫生—流行病学]